Giant isolated splenic hydatidosis

Abstract

Hydatid cyst is endemic in central parts of India, caused by infection with Echinococcus granulosus larva leading to development of cysts. Liver is most commonly involved organ. Isolated splenic hydatidosis is a very rare entity and only small clinical series or case reports have addressed the issue of splenic echinococcosis. We, hereby, present a case of an isolated giant hydatid cyst in spleen of a 30-year-old lady. Splenectomy was done and the diagnosis was confirmed on histopathological examination. Thus, a hydatid cyst should be kept in mind in the differential diagnosis of cystic lesions of spleen.

Primary Hydatid Cyst of Spleen: A rare entity

“…Hydatid disease is rarely encountered in the spleen, kidney, bone, thyroid, breast and pancreas 1 .The worldwide incidence of splenic hydatid disease is 0.5-4% 3 . In India, the recorded prevalence of the splenic hydatid cyst is 2.5% with highest incidence reported in central India 4 . The first case of splenic hydatid cyst was reported by Berlot in 1790 from an autopsy 5 .…”

Giant Splenic Cyst: A Case Report and Consolidated Review of Literature With Radiographic Features

“…Splenic involvement in HD is usually uncommon, representing <2% of all human infestations by Echinococcus [3], with isolated HD of the spleen being even rarer [4]. In India, the recorded prevalence of the splenic hydatid cyst is 2.5%, with the highest incidence reported in the central parts of the country [5]. For echinococcal encystations, the most commonly involved organ is the liver (75%), followed by the lung (15.4%) and the spleen (5.1%) [6].…”

Literature review- Primary splenic hydatidosis

“…The cyst grows at a rate of 0.3-1 cm per year, and it may take 5-20 years to grow into a sufficient size (3 -35cms) to cause symptoms of continuous abdominal pain and a visible/palpable swelling in the abdomen. 14,15…”

“…In India, the splenic hydatid cyst's recorded prevalence is 2.5%, with the central parts' highest incidence. 15 In areas of endemic hydatid disease, most of these cysts are due to this parasite's larval form, whereas nonparasitic cysts comprise the vast majority in Western countries. 1…”