Giant cell fibroma: A case report with review of literature

Abstract

Benign gingival overgrowths are not uncommon in the oral cavity. Reactive lesions and neoplasms comprise the spectrum of local proliferations that occur in the gingiva. Similarity in the clinical features of these diverse lesions further compound the dilemma in arriving at a proper clinical diagnosis. Giant cell fibroma (GCF) is one such interesting lesion that may clinically mimic a fibroma or a papilloma that can only be diagnosed after histopathological examination from its unique and characteristic features. In this paper, the first case of GCF in an 18-year-old northeastern Indian of Mongoloid origin is reported for its rarity.

Clinical encounters of giant cell fibroma: A comprehensive report on two distinct cases, exploring varied clinical presentations

“…10 While GCF, unlike other fibrous overgrowths, appear benign despite having the peculiarly manifest giant fibroblasts in the stroma, their clinical presentation and histology are the same as the vast bulk of non-neoplastic lesions in the oral cavity. 11 According to multiple reports, the etiology of GCF suggests that minor trauma can induce the lesion to develop, and that it is marked by functional changes in fibro-blastic cells. 12 Histopathological examination of GCF reveals distinctive multiple large stellate-shaped and occasionally multi-nucleated fibroblasts sparsely arranged in a fibrous connective tissue with large nuclei and thin elongated cytoplasmic processes.…”

Giant Cell Fibroma: A Report of Seven Cases

“…Similar to the present study, several studies have indicated that the lesion is usually less than 1 cm in diameter (4,7). With regard to the origin of giant cell fibroma, immunohistochemical analysis has shown positive staining of stellate and multinucleated cells with vimentin and prolyl-4-hydrolase, suggesting that these cells might originate from fibroblasts (8,9). Ultrastructural studies have revealed numerous intracellular microfibrils supporting the fibroblastic nature of the giant cells in the lesion (10).…”

Giant cell fibroma: A case report with literature review

“…Ultra structurally, multinucleated giant cells were fibroblasts [13] . Immunohistochemistry reveals a positive response to vimentin and prolyl-4-hydrolase thus suggesting it as a phenotypically fibroblastic origin [1] . Cytokeratin, neurofilament, HHF, CD 68, HLA DR, Tryptase, and S-100 protein showed negative reactivity.…”

“…This oral tumor was first described by Weather and Callihan in 1974 as a separate category of fibroma who found 108 unique entities among 2000 fibrous hyperplastic lesions because of its distinct histopathological appearance and therefore does not is considered it as conventional fibroma [1] . It was designated as Giant cell fibroma (GCF) because of the characteristic presence of stellate fibroblasts with multinucleated giant cells histopathologically [2,3] .…”

“…Representing a normal anatomic variation which disappears with age, it is reported in 25 to 99% of children and young adults with 6 to 19% prevalence in older adults [6] . Other mucosal lesions similar to GCF includes pearly penile papule of glans penis, a virus induced tumor of deer, fibroblastoma & fibrous papule of nose [1] . Savage and Monsuer in there retrospective study concluded that in pathologic or normal lesions, there were no sufficient…”