Germination responses of Croton macrostachyus (Euphorbiaceae) to various physico-chemical pretreatment conditions

Wakjira, Kibebew; Negash, Legesse

doi:10.1016/j.sajb.2013.03.012

Cited by 15 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…The limited seed bank may indicate that few species possess long‐term seed dormancy. Previous studies in East and Southern Africa have found that many trees including Croton macrostachuys , Prunus africana, and Symphonia globulifera have recalcitrant seeds (Mng'omba, du Toit, & Akinnifesi, ; Muhanguzi, Obua, & Oryem‐Origa, ; Negash, , ; Shehaghilo, ; Wakjira & Negash, ). In addition, the low abundance of tree seeds in deforested areas has been reported to limit forest recovery elsewhere in the African tropics (Hall & Swaine, ; Mukhongo, Kinyamario, Chira, & Musila, ; Teketay & Granstrom, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Symphonia globulifera have recalcitrant seeds (Mng'omba, du Toit, & Akinnifesi, 2007;Muhanguzi, Obua, & Oryem-Origa, 2002;Negash, 2003Negash, , 2004Shehaghilo, 1989;Wakjira & Negash, 2013). In addition, the low abundance of tree seeds in deforested areas has been reported to limit forest recovery elsewhere in the African tropics (Hall & Swaine, 1980;Mukhongo, Kinyamario, Chira, & Musila, 2011;Teketay & Granstrom, 1995).…”

Section: Events Over 3 Days Estimated Rodent Biomass (G) Over 3 Daysmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Tree seed rain and seed removal, but not the seed bank, impede forest recovery in bracken (Pteridium aquilinum (L.) Kuhn)‐dominated clearings in the African highlands

Ssali

Moe

Sheil

2018

Ecology and Evolution

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Considerable areas dominated by bracken Pteridium aquilinum (L.) Kuhn occur worldwide and are associated with arrested forest recovery. How forest recovery is impeded in these areas remains poorly understood, especially in the African highlands. The component processes that can lead to recruitment limitation—including low seed arrival, availability and persistence—are important determinants of plant communities and offer a potential explanation for bracken persistence. We investigated key processes that can contribute to recruitment limitation in bracken‐dominated clearings in the Bwindi Impenetrable National Park, Uganda. We examined if differences in seed rain (dispersal limitation), soil seed bank, or seed removal (seed viability and persistence) can, individually or in combination, explain the differences in tree regeneration found between bracken‐dominated areas and the neighboring forest. These processes were assessed along ten 50‐m transects crossing the forest–bracken boundary. When compared to the neighboring forest, bracken clearings had fewer seedlings (bracken 11,557 ± 5482 vs. forest 34,515 ± 6066 seedlings/ha), lower seed rain (949 ± 582 vs. 1605 ± 335 tree seeds m−2 year−1), comparable but sparse soil seed bank (304 ± 236 vs. 264 ± 99 viable tree seeds/m2), higher seed removal (70.1% ± 2.4% vs. 40.6% ± 2.4% over a 3‐day interval), and markedly higher rodent densities (25.7 ± 5.4 vs. 5.0 ± 1.6 rodents per 100 trapping sessions). Camera traps revealed that rodents were the dominant animals visiting the seeds in our seed removal study. Synthesis: Recruitment limitation contributes to both the slow recovery of forest in bracken‐dominated areas, and to the composition of the tree species that occur. Low seed arrival and low persistence of unburied seeds can both explain the reduced density of seedlings found in bracken versus neighboring forest. Seed removal, likely due to rodents, in particular appears sufficient to constrain forest recovery and impacts some species more severely than others.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Events Over 3 Days Estimated Rodent Biomass (G) Over 3 Daysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tree seed rain and seed removal, but not the seed bank, impede forest recovery in bracken (Pteridium aquilinum (L.) Kuhn)‐dominated clearings in the African highlands

Ssali

Moe

Sheil

2018

Ecology and Evolution

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“…The quality and quantity of crude extraction may be influenced by several factors including plant part, solvent, procedure and ration of solvent to plant. 129,130 The concept of solubility 'like dissolve like' which mean polar solvent (water, ethanol, methanol) extracts out polar substances and non-polar solvents extracts out non-polar solvents (petroleum ether, acetone and chloroform), this mechanism is depending of functional groups of solvents. 131 There are so many methods for crude extraction from plant including, maceration, soxhlet apparatus, infusion.…”

Section: Drug Extraction and Phytochemical Bioactive Compoundsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It involves soaking plant materials in a container with solvent and allowed to stand at room temperature for 3-7-days with frequent agitation. 129 Phytochemical secondary bioactive compounds: Plant produces many secondary metabolites which constitute an important source of antimicrobial, pesticides and pharmaceutical drugs and also medicinal plants are best source to obtain novel drugs. 132,133 Phytochemicals can be classified as primary and secondary compounds.…”

Section: Drug Extraction and Phytochemical Bioactive Compoundsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Medicinal Value of Croton macrostachyus and Solanum incanum against Causative Agent of Foodborne Diseases

Abdisa¹

2019

Vet Med Open J

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Cite this articleAbdisa T. Medicinal value of Croton Macrostachyus and Solanum Incanum in treatment of foodborne diseases. Vet Med Open ABSTRACT Copyright 2019 by Abdisa T. This is an open-access article distributed under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0), which allows to copy, redistribute, remix, transform, and reproduce in any medium or format, even commercially, provided the original work is properly cited. 57Review | Volume 4 | Issue 2| cc Foodborne diseases are a public health threat which causes a large economic impact across the worldwide. Escherichia coli (E. coli), Listeria monocytogenes (L. monocytogenes), Salmonella species (S. species), Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and many more other organisms are the leading causes of foodborne illness and death in the world. Increment of antibiotic resistance exhibited by the actions of microbial infectious agents has led to screening of several medicinal plants for their potential antimicrobial activity. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to review on the medicinal value of Croton macrostachyus (C. macrostachyus) and Solanum incanum (S. incanum) against causative agents of foodborne disease. Antimicrobial compounds of medicinal plants differ from antibiotics as they have fewer side effects, better patient tolerance, relatively less expensive, acceptance due to a long history of use and being renewable in nature. There are so many medicinal plants used to treat foodborne diseases which associated with gastroenteritis in humans and animals, among plants S. incanum and C. macrostachyus are the common for treatment of foodborne diseases associated with diarrhea. S. incanum has different bioactive substances which have medicinal importance against skin diseases, abdominal pains, fever, stomachaches and indigestion, treatment of dandruff, wounds, sore throat, angina, ear inflammation, liver disorders, wart and ringworm and treatment of cow driosis, dermatophilosis, foot rot, pasteurellosis, black leg, fasciolosis and snake bite. Bioactive compounds which present in S. incanum are including alkaloids, steroids, saponins, tannins, glycosides, flavonoid and terpenoids. C. macrostachyus is medicinal plant which have bioactive compounds including terpenoids, alkaloids, flavonoids, lignoids, proanthcyanidins, sesquiterpenoids and lupeol, saponnins, resins, crotepeoxide. C. macrostachyus have medicinal value in treatment of malaria, rabies, gonorrhea, wound, diarrhea, hepatitis, jaundice, abdominal pain, cancer, toothache, pneumonia, typhoidand gastrointestinal disorder. Which is also used as abortifacient and uterotonic to expel retained placenta. Therefore, S. incanum and C. macrostachyus have different medicinal value against foodborne disease and drug-resistance infectious agents. However, an advanced study have not been conducted on the extract of pure bioactive compounds and toxicity analysis. Therefore, further studies should have to be conducted to extract pure compounds from these medicinal plants for pharmaceutics industry.

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“…Croton macrostachyus is a medium sized, drought-deciduous pioneer tree which regenerates naturally in less productive sites including forest edges, mountain slopes, and waste grounds under a wide range of ecological conditions [ 1 – 3 ]. Croton macrostachyus is regarded as a multipurpose tree by subsistence farmers in Ethiopia, Kenya, and Tanzania [ 3 – 6 ], as it is often grown and managed in home gardens for provision of several ecosystem goods and services. In Ethiopia, for example, C. macrostachyus is a major tree intercropped in agroecosystems in order to increase soil productivity in midaltitude and semiarid areas [ 7 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ethnopharmacological Uses, Phytochemistry, and Pharmacological Properties of Croton macrostachyus Hochst. Ex Delile: A Comprehensive Review

Maroyi

2017

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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Croton macrostachyus is widely used as herbal medicine by the indigenous people of tropical Africa. The potential of C. macrostachyus as herbal medicine, the phytochemistry, and pharmacological properties of its parts used as herbal medicines are reviewed. The extensive literature survey revealed that C. macrostachyus is traditionally used to treat or manage at least 81 human and animal diseases and ailments. The species is used as herbal medicine for diseases and ailments such as abdominal pains, cancer, gastrointestinal disorders, malaria, pneumonia, sexually transmitted infections, skin infections, typhoid, and wounds and as ethnoveterinary medicine. Multiple classes of phytochemicals such as alkaloids, amino acids, anthraquinones, carbohydrates, cardiac glycosides, coumarins, essential oil, fatty acids, flavonoids, phenolic compounds, phlobatannins, polyphenols, phytosteroides, saponins, sterols, tannins, terpenoids, unsaturated sterol, vitamin C, and withanoides have been isolated from the species. Pharmacological studies on C. macrostachyus indicate that it has a wide range of pharmacological activities such as anthelmintic, antibacterial, antimycobacterial, antidiarrhoeal, antifungal, anticonvulsant and sedative, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, antileishmanial, antioxidant, antiplasmodial, and larvicidal effects. Croton macrostachyus has potential as a possible source of a wide range of pharmaceutical products for the treatment of a wide range of both human and animal diseases and ailments.

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Germination responses of Croton macrostachyus (Euphorbiaceae) to various physico-chemical pretreatment conditions

Cited by 15 publications

References 41 publications

Tree seed rain and seed removal, but not the seed bank, impede forest recovery in bracken (Pteridium aquilinum (L.) Kuhn)‐dominated clearings in the African highlands

Tree seed rain and seed removal, but not the seed bank, impede forest recovery in bracken (Pteridium aquilinum (L.) Kuhn)‐dominated clearings in the African highlands

Medicinal Value of Croton macrostachyus and Solanum incanum against Causative Agent of Foodborne Diseases

Ethnopharmacological Uses, Phytochemistry, and Pharmacological Properties of Croton macrostachyus Hochst. Ex Delile: A Comprehensive Review

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