Medicinal Value of Croton macrostachyus and Solanum incanum against Causative Agent of Foodborne Diseases

Abstract

Cite this articleAbdisa T. Medicinal value of Croton Macrostachyus and Solanum Incanum in treatment of foodborne diseases. Vet Med Open ABSTRACT Copyright 2019 by Abdisa T. This is an open-access article distributed under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0), which allows to copy, redistribute, remix, transform, and reproduce in any medium or format, even commercially, provided the original work is properly cited. 57Review | Volume 4 | Issue 2| cc Foodborne diseases are a public health threat which causes a large economic impact across the worldwide. Escherichia coli (E. coli), Listeria monocytogenes (L. monocytogenes), Salmonella species (S. species), Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and many more other organisms are the leading causes of foodborne illness and death in the world. Increment of antibiotic resistance exhibited by the actions of microbial infectious agents has led to screening of several medicinal plants for their potential antimicrobial activity. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to review on the medicinal value of Croton macrostachyus (C. macrostachyus) and Solanum incanum (S. incanum) against causative agents of foodborne disease. Antimicrobial compounds of medicinal plants differ from antibiotics as they have fewer side effects, better patient tolerance, relatively less expensive, acceptance due to a long history of use and being renewable in nature. There are so many medicinal plants used to treat foodborne diseases which associated with gastroenteritis in humans and animals, among plants S. incanum and C. macrostachyus are the common for treatment of foodborne diseases associated with diarrhea. S. incanum has different bioactive substances which have medicinal importance against skin diseases, abdominal pains, fever, stomachaches and indigestion, treatment of dandruff, wounds, sore throat, angina, ear inflammation, liver disorders, wart and ringworm and treatment of cow driosis, dermatophilosis, foot rot, pasteurellosis, black leg, fasciolosis and snake bite. Bioactive compounds which present in S. incanum are including alkaloids, steroids, saponins, tannins, glycosides, flavonoid and terpenoids. C. macrostachyus is medicinal plant which have bioactive compounds including terpenoids, alkaloids, flavonoids, lignoids, proanthcyanidins, sesquiterpenoids and lupeol, saponnins, resins, crotepeoxide. C. macrostachyus have medicinal value in treatment of malaria, rabies, gonorrhea, wound, diarrhea, hepatitis, jaundice, abdominal pain, cancer, toothache, pneumonia, typhoidand gastrointestinal disorder. Which is also used as abortifacient and uterotonic to expel retained placenta. Therefore, S. incanum and C. macrostachyus have different medicinal value against foodborne disease and drug-resistance infectious agents. However, an advanced study have not been conducted on the extract of pure bioactive compounds and toxicity analysis. Therefore, further studies should have to be conducted to extract pure compounds from these medicinal plants for pharmaceutics industry.

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“…One of the largest species in the family Euphorbiaceae and subfamily Crotonaceae, Croton macrostachyus, is a native plant to Ethiopia, Eritrea, Uganda, Kenya, Tanzania, and Nigeria. It is used to treat a variety of illnesses affecting human health [29].…”

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“…Croton macrostachyus is called rush foil in English, Bakkaniisa in Afan Oromo, and Bisana in Amharic. Literature reported that the genus croton is rich in terpenoids, alkaloids, flavonoids, lignoids, proanthocyanidins, saponins, cardiac glycosides, and tannin compounds. − The fruits, leaves, and roots of Croton macrostachyus are used as medicine in various human and animal diseases. Traditionally, this plant is used for the remedy of diverse sickness such as malaria, gonorrhea, rabies, diarrhea, abdominal pain, typhoid, pneumonia, and gastrointestinal disorders. − …”

“…Traditionally, this plant is used for the remedy of diverse sickness such as malaria, gonorrhea, rabies, diarrhea, abdominal pain, typhoid, pneumonia, and gastrointestinal disorders. 29 − 32 …”

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“…It is a perennial shrub-like herb with small prickles on the leaves and stems that can grow up to 1.8 meters. When ripe, the fruits are small berries that measure 2–3 cm in diameter and are yellowish orange or brown in color [ 12 , 13 ]. It is a very common shrub in Ethiopia, where it can be found on abandoned agricultural lands, along roadsides, and in village yards.…”

“…It is a very common shrub in Ethiopia, where it can be found on abandoned agricultural lands, along roadsides, and in village yards. The plant has several local names in Ethiopia: Embuay (in Amharic) and Hiddii (in Oromifa) [ 13 ].…”