Germination and Seedling Development Responses of Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) Seeds to Temperature and Different Levels of Water Availability

Sghaier, Asma Haj; Khaeim, Hussein M.; Tarnawa, Ákos; Kovács, Gergő Péter; Gyuricza, Csaba; Kende, Zoltán

doi:10.3390/agriculture13030608

Cited by 14 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Seed germination relies on water and occurs in three distinct phases. Insufficient water availability profoundly impacts the metabolic processes related to germination, leading to a failure in seed germination 38 . Salt-induced stress interferes with the proper development of the embryonic axis, resulting in a reduced osmotic potential in the growth medium and restricted water availability within the seeds 39 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antioxidant production promotes defense mechanism and different gene expression level in Zea mays under abiotic stress

Ali,

Sami,

Haider

et al. 2024

Sci Rep

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The growth and productivity of maize are severely affected by soil salinity. The crucial determinants for the future performance of plants are productive for seed germination and seedling establishment; however, both stages are liable to soil salinity. For grain, maize is an economically significant crop sensitive to abiotic stresses. However, little is known about defense responses by the salinity-induced antioxidant and oxidative stress in maize. In our work, the commercially available maize variety Raka-Poshi was grown in pots for 30 days under greenhouse conditions. To evaluate the salt-induced oxidative/antioxidant responses in maize for salt stress 0, 25, 50, 75, 100 and 150 mM concentrations, treatments were provided using sodium chloride (NaCl). All the biochemical indices were calculated under all NaCl concentrations, while drought was induced by up to 50% irrigation water. After 30 days of seed germination, the maize leaves were collected for the measurement of lipid peroxidase or malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione reductase (GR), guaiacol peroxidase (GPOD), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), superoxide dismutase (SOD), lipoxygenase (LOX), catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APOD) and glutathione-S-transferase (GST). The results revealed a 47% reduction under 150 mM NaCl and 50% drought stress conditions. The results have shown that the successive increase of NaCl concentrations and drought caused an increase in catalase production. With successive increase in NaCl concentration and drought stress, lower levels of H2O2, SOD, and MDA were detected in maize leaves. The results regarding the morphology of maize seedlings indicated a successive reduction in the root length and shoot length under applications of salt and drought stress, while root-to-shoot weights were found to be increased under drought stress and decreased under salt stress conditions During gene expression analysis collectively indicate that, under drought stress conditions, the expression levels of all nine mentioned enzyme-related genes were consistently downregulated.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antioxidant production promotes defense mechanism and different gene expression level in Zea mays under abiotic stress

Ali,

Sami,

Haider

et al. 2024

Sci Rep

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“…For instance, poor circumstances like inadequate temperature, water, or nutrition availability may prevent a seed with a projecting radicle from developing into a viable seedling [ 65 ]. Temperature is an important factor affecting seed germination, and different plants germinate under different temperature ranges and optimal temperatures [ 55 , 66 ]. Temperature can speed up germination within a particular range, but extremes in temperature can hinder germination due to membrane permeability, membrane-binding activity, and the denaturation of enzymes [ 67 , 68 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Water Potential and Temperature on Native Species’ Capability for Seed Germination in the Loess Plateau Region, China

Hu,

He,

Wang

et al. 2024

Plants

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Global warming is increasing the frequency and intensity of heat waves and droughts. One important phase in the life cycle of plants is seed germination. To date, the association of the temperature and water potential thresholds of germination with seed traits has not been explored in much detail. Therefore, we set up different temperature gradients (5–35 °C), water potential gradients (−1.2–0 MPa), and temperature × water potential combinations for nine native plants in the Loess Plateau region to clarify the temperature and water combinations suitable for their germination. Meanwhile, we elucidated the temperature and water potential thresholds of the plants and their correlations with the mean seed mass and flatness index by using the thermal time and hydrotime models. According to our findings, the germination rate was positively correlated with the germination percentage and water potential, with the former rising and the latter decreasing as the temperature increased. Using the thermal time and hydrotime models, the seed germination thresholds could be predicted accurately, and the germination thresholds of the studied species varied with an increase in germination percentage. Moreover, temperature altered the impact of water potential on the germination rate. Overall, the base water potential for germination, but not the temperature threshold, was negatively correlated with mean seed mass and was lower for rounder seeds than for longer seeds. This study contributes to improving our understanding of the seed germination characteristics of typical plants and has important implications for the management and vegetation restoration of degraded grasslands.

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“…Temperature significantly regulates germination duration [30,49,81]. The data demonstrate that the barley seeds accumulated heat units from the acquired thermal energy, and when they reached the required level to commence metabolic activity, germination occurred at varying rates depending on the ambient temperature [11,30,82].…”

Section: Germination Durationmentioning

confidence: 91%

Effect of Abiotic Stresses from Drought, Temperature, and Density on Germination and Seedling Growth of Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)

Tarnawa

Kende

Sghaier

et al. 2023

Plants

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Seed germination and seedling growth are highly sensitive to deficit moisture and temperature stress. This study was designed to investigate barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) seeds’ germination and seedling growth under conditions of abiotic stresses. Constant temperature levels of 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, and 35 °C were used for the germination test. Drought and waterlogging stresses using 30 different water levels were examined using two methods: either based at 1 milliliter intervals or, on the other hand, as percentages of thousand kernel weight (TKW). Seedling density in a petri dish and antifungal application techniques were also investigated. Temperature significantly impacted germination time and seedling development with an ideal range of 15–20 °C, with a more comprehensive range to 10 °C. Higher temperatures reversely affected germination percentage, and the lower ones affected the germination and seedling growth rate. Germination commenced at 130% water of the TKW, and the ideal water range for seedling development was greater and more extensive than the range for germination, which means there is a difference between the starting point for germination and the seedling development. Seed size define germination water requirements and provides an objective and more precise basis suggesting an optimal range supply of 720% and 1080% of TKW for barley seedling development. A total of 10 seeds per 9 cm petri dish may be preferable over greater densities. The techniques of priming seeds with an antifungal solution (Bordóilé or Hypo) or antifungal application at even 5 ppm in the media significantly prevented fungal growth. This study is novel regarding the levels and types of abiotic stresses, the crop, the experimental and measurement techniques, and in comparison to the previous studies.

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Germination and Seedling Development Responses of Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) Seeds to Temperature and Different Levels of Water Availability

Cited by 14 publications

References 37 publications

Antioxidant production promotes defense mechanism and different gene expression level in Zea mays under abiotic stress

Antioxidant production promotes defense mechanism and different gene expression level in Zea mays under abiotic stress

The Impact of Water Potential and Temperature on Native Species’ Capability for Seed Germination in the Loess Plateau Region, China

Effect of Abiotic Stresses from Drought, Temperature, and Density on Germination and Seedling Growth of Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)

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