Geographic Variation in Competitive Ability in Drosophila melanogaster

James, Michael; Partridge,

doi:10.2307/2463326

Cited by 22 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…The wing size of the flies was found to be negatively correlated with temperature both in the parental and the F1 flies, which is concordant with numerous previous studies (e.g., James and Partridge 1998). The intermediate temperature is believed to be an ideal temperature for the flies since they were all established at 25°C from flies maintained at this Fig.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Consequences of outbreeding on phenotypic plasticity in Drosophila mercatorum wings

et al. 2007

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A multivariate morphometric investigation was conducted on wings of two parthenogenetic Drosophila mercatorum strains and offspring (F1) of crosses between these parthenogenetic strains with highly inbred sexual individuals of the same species. The parental flies and F1 offspring were reared at three different temperatures: 20, 25, or 28°C. This design allows a comparison of completely homozygous individuals (parental generation) with identical heterozygote offspring (F1), which makes an analysis of phenotypic plasticity of morphometric traits possible, without a potentially confounding effect of genotype-environment interactions, which can increase the phenotypic variability. The same pattern of phenotypic plasticity of wing size between the homozygous parental strains and the heterozygous offspring was found in both strains with an apparent heterotic effect for wing size in the F1 at 25°C. At 20 and 28°C flies from the parental generation had the biggest wings. Phenotypic plasticity of shape was found to be strain dependent. A reduced level of developmental instability (DI) was found in the F1 as compared to the parental strain only in strain 1 reared at 20°C for the wing size and 25°C for the wing shape. For all the other treatments higher DI was found in the F1 when the difference was significant, which is suggestive of outbreeding depression. These findings are difficult to interpret since an apparent heterotic effect of size at 25°C is accompanied by higher DI (though not significant in strain 2) and complex changes in wing shape. Hence, we cannot conclude whether outbreeding lowers or increases the capacity to respond to environmental change via plastic responses and via changes of the level of DI. The degree of change of Kristian Krag and Hans Thomsen have contributed equally. phenotypic plasticity and DI is trait specific, depending on the environment and on the genotypes which are hybridizing.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Consequences of outbreeding on phenotypic plasticity in Drosophila mercatorum wings

et al. 2007

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“…Fecundity, survival, developmental rate, weight and body size are generally density-dependent characters influenced by environmental factors in insect populations (Bryant, 1977;Reis et al, 1994;Ribeiro et al, 1995;James and Partridge, 1998;Rosa et al, 2004). Thus, it is important to design studies focusing on the association between bionomics and seasonality, since competitive ability has been considered different among species and populations (Ribeiro et al, 1995;Partridge et al, 1994;James and Partrigde, 1998;Reis et al, 1999).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fecundity, body size and population dynamics of Chrysomya albiceps (Wiedemann, 1819) (Diptera: Calliphoridae)

Riback

Godoy

2008

Braz. J. Biol.

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In this study, the seasonal variation of fecundity, wing and tibia length were investigated in natural populations of Chrysomya albiceps (Wiedemann, 1819) in an attempt to determine the changes in life history of the species as a function of seasonality. A relative constant temporal trajectory was found for fecundity, wing and tibia length over twentyfour months. Positive correlations between fecundity and wing size, fecundity and tibia size and wing and tibia sizes were observed. The implications of these results for population dynamics of C. albiceps are discussed.Keywords: Calliphoridae, fecundity, population dynamics, Chrysomya albiceps.Fecundidade, tamanho corpóreo e dinâmica populacional de Chrysomya albiceps (Wiedemann) (Diptera: Calliphoridae) ResumoNeste estudo, a variação sazonal da fecundidade, comprimentos de asa e tíbia foram investigadas em populações naturais de Chrysomya albiceps (Wiedemann, 1819) como uma forma de determinar as variações bionômicas da espécie em função da sazonalidade. Uma trajetória temporal constante foi encontrada para fecundidade, comprimentos de asa e tíbia durante vinte e quatro meses. Correlações positivas entre fecundidade e comprimento de asa, fecundidade e comprimento de tíbia e comprimentos de asa e tíbia foram observadas. As implicações destes resultados para a dinâ-mica populacional de C. albiceps foram discutidas.Palavras-chave: Calliphoridae, fecundidade, dinâmica de populações, Chrysomya albiceps.

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“…In insects, the phenotypic variations among members of species complexes have been intensely investigated, especially those concerning the size and shape of adult wings (James & Partridge 1998, Morin et al 1999. In Drosophila, which has a worldwide distribution, significant morphometric wing variations were found in populations from different geographic regions, forming clusters or latitudinal clines ( Van'T Land et al 1999).…”

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Genetic-morphometric variation in Culex quinquefasciatus from Brazil and La Plata, Argentina

Morais

Moratore

Suesdek

et al. 2010

Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz

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Variation among natural populations of Culex (Culex) Key words: Culex pipiens complex -Culex quinquefasciatus -clines -molecular identification -wing morphologyThe Culex (Culex) pipiens complex in the Americas is composed of two main species, Culex (Culex) quinquefasciatus Say, which is adapted to tropical zones and Cx. pipiens L., which is found in temperate zones. In intermediate areas, these two members can mate yielding hybrids and intermediate forms (Barr 1957), through the processes of gene flow and introgression (Humeres et al. 1998, McAbee et al. 2008, Kothera et al. 2009). Mosquitoes of the Cx. pipiens complex are potential vectors of filarid worms in tropical and subtropical areas (Bockarie et al. 2009) and diverse arboviruses, including West Nile virus (Apperson et al. 2004, Cook et al. 2006.Adult females and immature stages of the Cx. pipiens complex are morphologically similar. The differentiation of adult males can be made by analysis of genitalia, which includes measuring the DV/D ratio of the dorsal arms of the aedeagus in the phallosome, as reported by Sundararaman (1949). Because members of the Cx. pipiens complex have a broad geographical distribution, other phenotypical differences beyond those of the male genitalia can be found. For example, some wing characters can also been used for morphologic identification of mosquito species.Financial support: FAPESP (05/50225-2, 06/02622-5) SAM and CM contributed equally to this work (FAPESP 06/57272-9 and 07/1665-5, respectively The taxonomic keys compiled by Forattini (2002) compared wing morphology of adult females. In that report, the subcosta vein (Sc) was reported to bind with the costa vein (C) before the bifurcation of the radial 2+3 vein (R 2+3 ) in Cx. quinquefasciatus, whereas in Cx. pipiens, the Sc vein binds to vein C at the same point or beyond the R 2+3 bifurcation. To our knowledge, these findings have not been investigated in other geographically distant populations. Linam and Nielsen (1962) reported that Bekku (1956), in Northern Japan, also attempted to use wing characteristics [the length of radial cell R 2 (second marginal cell) divided by the length of vein R 3 ] to distinguish adults of the pipiens group. The results of Bekku (1956) were inconclusive, which was later explained when Kamura (1958) found that these particular wing measurements varied with the temperature of the environment. Nielsen and Rees (1961) and Linam and Nielsen (1962) reported that the most reliable method of separating females of Cx. pipiens and Cx. quinquefasciatus was by a wing measurement value obtained by dividing the length of the cell R 2 by the length of the vein R 2+3 (R 2 /R 2+3 ratio). These authors reported the value of this ratio to be about 5.0 in Cx. pipiens and 3.0 or less in Cx. quinquefasciatus, with intermediate values present in the hybrids. However, these studies did not evaluate morphometric data among mosquito populations and climatic/geographic gradients.In insects, the phenotypic variations among members of species complexes have...

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Geographic Variation in Competitive Ability in Drosophila melanogaster

Cited by 22 publications

References 14 publications

Consequences of outbreeding on phenotypic plasticity in Drosophila mercatorum wings

Consequences of outbreeding on phenotypic plasticity in Drosophila mercatorum wings

Fecundity, body size and population dynamics of Chrysomya albiceps (Wiedemann, 1819) (Diptera: Calliphoridae)

Genetic-morphometric variation in Culex quinquefasciatus from Brazil and La Plata, Argentina

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