Geographic information science: emerging research on the societal implications of the geospatial web

Elwood, Sarah

doi:10.1177/0309132509340711

Cited by 197 publications

(128 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Harvey recommends to jointly consider GIS technology with those who develop it, a feature that is being taken into account in this study. For descriptions of the emergence of PGIS as a social practice, see Craig et al, 2002;Corbett et al, 2006;Carton, 2007;amongst others. Multiple researchers have discussed the emergence of Voluntary Geographic Information (VGI) (Goodchild, 2007;Elwood, 2010;Haklay, 2013, amongst others. ) Elwood (2010) summarizes how the research of Participation GIS, 'Voluntary Geo-Information' or 'wikification of GIS' (or similar terms) is unfolding, drawing from a large body of geographical scholarship that is based on examining ways in which information technologies are embedded in changing social, political, and economic geographies.…”

Section: Empowering Citizen-sensor-network and Participatory Gismentioning

confidence: 99%

Citizen-sensor-networks to confront government decision-makers: Two lessons from the Netherlands

Carton

Ache

2017

Journal of Environmental Management

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Highlights:1. Citizen groups increasingly embrace low-cost sensor networks, open data and social media for environmental monitoring.2. Case studies in monitoring provide insight in how social-technical innovations of 'citizen-sensor-networks' come about and form 'networked geo-information tools' in a process of co-construction.3. Analyzed citizen-sensor-networks, which monitor airport noise and gas-extractioninduced earthquakes, publicly falsified the hypotheses held by governing regimes.4. Through processes of collective sense-making and meaning construction, citizensensor-networks form a powerful tool for informed planning. There is a shift in power balance involved between government and affected communities, as the government no longer has information monopoly on environmental measurements. Abstract:This paper presents one emerging social-technical innovation: The evolution of citizensensor-networks where citizens organize themselves from the 'bottom up', for the sake of confronting governance officials with measured information about environmental qualities. We have observed how citizen-sensor-networks have been initiated in the Netherlands in cases where official government monitoring and business organizations leave gaps. The formed citizen-sensor-networks collect information about issues that affect the local community in their quality-of-living. In particular, two community initiatives are described where the sensed environmental information, on noise pollution and gas-extraction induced earthquakes respectively, is published through networked geographic information methods. Both community initiatives pioneered in developing an approach that comprises the combined setting-up of sensor data flows, real-time map portals and community organization. Two particular cases are analyzed to trace the emergence and network operation of such 'networked geo-information tools' in practice: (1) The Groningen earthquake monitor, and (2)

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Section: Empowering Citizen-sensor-network and Participatory Gismentioning

confidence: 99%

Citizen-sensor-networks to confront government decision-makers: Two lessons from the Netherlands

Carton

Ache

2017

Journal of Environmental Management

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“…Many social networks today contribute to the emergent geospatial web [1] by implementing the geo-tagging of content (text, audio, images/videos) in their application program interfaces (APIs) for mobile applications. The geolocation of published content on social networks allows the development of systems able to detect real-time trends of any type.…”

Section: Motivation and Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Whistland: An Augmented Reality Crowd-Mapping System for Civil Protection and Emergency Management

Luchetti

Mancini

Sturari

et al. 2017

IJGI

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Abstract:The prevention and correct management of natural disaster event sequences play a key role in saving human lives. The availability of embedded and mobile smart computing systems opens new roads for the management of land and infrastructures by civil protection operators. To date, research has explored the use of social networks for the management of disasters connected to meteorological/hydrogeological events or earthquakes, but without emphasis on the importance of an integrated system. The main feature of the Whistland system proposed in this paper is to make synergistic use of augmented reality (AR), crowd-mapping (CM), social networks, the Internet of Things (IoT) and wireless sensor networks (WSN) by exploiting technologies and frameworks of Web 2.0 and GIS 2.0 to make informed decisions about the chain of events. The Whistland system is composed of a geo-server, a mobile application with AR and an analytics dashboard. The geo-server acts as the hub of the sensor and social networks. The abstracted concept in this sense is the transformation of the user domain into "intelligent sensors" for the whole scope of crisis management. The social network integration is made through an efficient pointer-like mechanism that keeps the storage requirement low through a mobile application based on an augmented reality engine and provides qualitative information that sensors are unable to capture. Real-time analyses, geo-searches and the capability to examine event histories with an augmented reality engine all help the stakeholders to understand better the state of the resources under observation/monitoring. The system has been extensively tested in the programmed maintenance of river basins, where it is necessary to log maintenance activities in order to keep the riverbank clean: a significant use-case in many countries affected by hydro-geological instability.

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“…The concern is perhaps greater now than in the past with the widespread use of new technologies for mapping across the Internet [21], presenting both challenges and opportunities to the dissemination of geographic information [22]. In addition, researchers have considered how to quantify the value of the contributions from a societal perspective as well as evaluating the quality and usability of the contributed geospatial data itself [23][24][25][26]. Feick and Roche point out that VGI data generation inherently lacks professional oversight, does not follow established quality standards, and is affected by the inherent heterogeneity of VGI across thematic, media, and spatial dimensions [18].…”

Section: Accuracy and Completeness Considerations For Volunteered Geomentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing Completeness and Spatial Error of Features in Volunteered Geographic Information

Jackson

Mullen

Agouris

et al. 2013

IJGI

111

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Abstract:The assessment of the quality and accuracy of Volunteered Geographic Information (VGI) contributions, and by extension the ultimate utility of VGI data has fostered much debate within the geographic community. The limited research to date has been focused on VGI data of linear features and has shown that the error in the data is heterogeneously distributed. Some have argued that data produced by numerous contributors will produce a more accurate product than an individual and some research on crowd-sourced initiatives has shown that to be true, although research on VGI is more infrequent. This paper proposes a method for quantifying the completeness and accuracy of a select subset of infrastructure-associated point datasets of volunteered geographic data within a major metropolitan area using a national geospatial dataset as the reference benchmark with two datasets from volunteers used as test datasets. The results of this study illustrate the benefits of including quality control in the collection process for volunteered data.

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Geographic information science: emerging research on the societal implications of the geospatial web

Cited by 197 publications

References 52 publications

Citizen-sensor-networks to confront government decision-makers: Two lessons from the Netherlands

Citizen-sensor-networks to confront government decision-makers: Two lessons from the Netherlands

Whistland: An Augmented Reality Crowd-Mapping System for Civil Protection and Emergency Management

Assessing Completeness and Spatial Error of Features in Volunteered Geographic Information

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