Geochemistry and habitat of natural gases in Italy

Mattavelli, L.; Novelli, L.

doi:10.1016/0146-6380(88)90021-6

Cited by 47 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…With permission of Springer-Verlag. formation mode is similar to that of biogas produced by anaerobic fermentation of organic waste, is according to Rice and Claypool (1981), making up to 20% of the gas fields, and according to Matavelli and Novelli (1988), it even forms most of the gas found in Italy. This "bacterial" gas (Vially et al, 1992) also called "biogenic" gas, is distinguished from the "thermal" gas formed by the maturation of kerogen by the absence of other hydrocarbons than methane, and by a smaller C 13 content of the carbon in the methane (δ 13 C much more negative) (Fig.…”

Section: Figure 15mentioning

confidence: 99%

A History of Organic Geochemistry

Durand¹

2003

Oil & Gas Science and Technology - Rev. IFP

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Résumé -Histoire de la géochimie organique -La géochimie organique est née des interrogations sur l'origine du pétrole. Son développement a pour l'instant été lié à celui de l'exploration pétrolière. Elle ne s'est constituée en science autonome qu'un peu après 1960. Les années 1965-1985 furent particulièrement productives : pendant cette période les mécanismes de la formation des gisements de pétrole et de gaz naturel furent explicités et de nombreux biomarqueurs, témoins de l'origine organique du pétrole furent identifiés. La connaissance des kérogènes, matière première de la formation du pétrole, fit également des progrès décisifs et des outils d'aide à l'exploration pétrolière virent le jour, comme les méthodes de corrélation huiles-roches mères, le Rock-Eval, et les modèles mathématiques de simulation de la formation et de la migration du pétrole. En même temps eut lieu un rapprochement avec la science des charbons et une extension de la géochimie organique à des domaines variés, tels que la sédimentologie organique, la microbiologie des sédiments ou la formation des gîtes minéraux. La période actuelle se caractérise par une application croissante des connaissances acquises à des domaines autres que l'exploration pétrolière et par son intégration à l'ensemble des disciplines géologiques. Cette intégration a lieu, entre autres, par sa contribution au développement des « simulateurs de bassin », qui simulent mathématiquement l'évolution des bassins sédimentaires au cours du temps et la formation des gisements de pétrole et de gaz naturel qui en résulte. Dans les années qui viennent, la géochimie organique aura encore un rôle important à jouer dans l'exploration et la production du pétrole et plus généralement des combustibles fossiles. Mais son avenir à plus long terme est probablement dans l'étude des interactions des produits de l'activité humaine, en particulier les polluants organiques et les gaz à effet de serre, avec la géosphère, en relation avec la recherche d'un développement durable et la compréhension des mécanismes des changements climatiques. Le développement de la géochimie organique moderne doit beaucoup aux instituts professionnels de recherche et en particulier à deux d'entre eux, l'Institut français du pétrole (IFP)

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Section: Figure 15mentioning

confidence: 99%

A History of Organic Geochemistry

Durand¹

2003

Oil & Gas Science and Technology - Rev. IFP

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“…Average reservoir porosity , matrix permeability k, and water saturation S w range from 25%-30%, 5-1000 mdarcy, and 35%-75% respectively, with net-togross pay ratio p ng from 27% in silty sands to 95% in the coarser sands. Reservoirs are sealed on top by deep-marine shales and impermeable sandstone [Mattavelli et al, 1983].…”

Section: The Po River Basinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geomechanical response to seasonal gas storage in depleted reservoirs: A case study in the Po River basin, Italy

et al. 2011

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[1] Underground gas storage (UGS) in depleted hydrocarbon reservoirs is a strategic practice to cope with the growing energy demand and occurs in many places in Europe and North America. In response to summer gas injection and winter gas withdrawal the reservoir expands and contracts essentially elastically as a major consequence of the fluid (gas and water) pore pressure fluctuations. Depending on a number of factors, including the reservoir burial depth, the difference between the largest and the smallest gas pore pressure, and the geomechanical properties of the injected formation and the overburden, the porous medium overlying the reservoir is subject to three-dimensional deformation with the related cyclic motion of the land surface being both vertical and horizontal. We present a methodology to evaluate the environmental impact of underground gas storage and sequestration from the geomechanical perspective, particularly in relation to the ground surface displacements. Long-term records of injected and removed gas volume and fluid pore pressure in the "Lombardia" gas field, northern Italy, are available together with multiyear detection of vertical and horizontal west-east displacement of the land surface above the reservoir by an advanced permanent scatterer interferometric synthetic aperture radar (PSInSAR) analysis. These data have been used to calibrate a 3-D fluid-dynamic model and develop a 3-D transversally isotropic geomechanical model. The latter has been successfully implemented and used to reproduce the vertical and horizontal cyclic displacements, on the range of 8-10 mm and 6-8 mm, respectively, measured between 2003 and 2007 above the reservoir where a UGS program has been underway by Stogit-Eni S.p.A. since 1986 following a 5 year field production life. Because of the great economical interest to increase the working gas volume as much as possible, the model addresses two UGS scenarios where the gas pore overpressure is pushed from the current 103%p i , where p i is the gas pore pressure prior to the field development, to 107%p i and 120%p i . Results of both scenarios show that there is a negligible impact on the ground surface, with deformation gradients that remain well below the most restrictive admissible limits for the civil structures and infrastructures. Citation: Teatini, P., et al. (2011), Geomechanical response to seasonal gas storage in depleted reservoirs: A case study in the Po River basin, Italy,

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“…As discussed in the literature, the Tuscany and Emilia-Romagna regions are characterised by the occurrence of dry emission of CO 2 and CH 4 , thermal springs very rich in CO 2 , thermal springs rich in N 2 , and mud volcanoes with emission of dominant CH 4 (Bencini et al, 1977;Bencini and Duchi, 1981;Mattavelli et al, 1983;Mattavelli and Novelli, 1987;Minissale and Duchi 1988;Duchi and Minissale, 1995;Minissale et al, 1997;Minissale et al, 2000). South of the Arno river, the dominant gas is CO 2 (usually more than about 91.5 mole %); north of the Arno river, CO 2 emis- sion are scarce or lacking.…”

Section: Prograde Water-rock Interaction and The Origin Of Nacwmentioning

confidence: 99%

Na-carbonate waters of extreme composition: Possible origin and evolution.

Venturelli¹,

Boschetti²,

Duchi³

2003

Geochem. J.

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Na-carbonate (NaCW) waters are not concentrated in well defined areas, but usually widespread in areas where other water types (e.g., Ca-carbonate) are dominant. NaCW are the product of long-term water-rock interaction with dissolution of Na-silicates in presence of phyllosilicates, silica phases, and calcite. NaCW circulating in calcite-bearing sediments very probably have a Ca-carbonate parent with moderate to low P CO 2 , which changes its composition assuming increasing Na character as the water-rock interaction proceeds. However, the moderate to low P CO 2 values of the potential parent Ca-carbonate waters do not account for the high Na content of many NaCW. The higher P CO 2 required may be due to oxidation of organic matter of the sediments and, perhaps, to further addition of CO 2 coming from deeper crustal levels, from the mantle, or from other sources. Na-Ca exchange involving a Na-exchanger could be an alternative genetic hypothesis. At present, however, at least for some areas (e.g., Northern Apennines, Italy), this hypothesis is not supported by mineralogical evidence.water types (e.g., Ca-carbonate) are dominant. Some analyses of different types of NaCW (mostly from Italy) are reported in Table 1 together with indications about the rocks involved in water-rock interaction.In the following pages we will focus on waters of extreme composition, i.e., with na and calc higher than 0.85. In the Northern Apennines (Italy), waters with na and calc > 0.85 are widespread and thus, frequently, we shall implicitly refer to them. Data processingFor water speciation and for other calculations we have used a recent version of PHREEQC (Parkhurst and Appelo, 1999), a flexible ad userfriendly software. The software is adequate for low ionic strength solutions (Debye-Hückel expression), and suitable at higher ionic strength for sodium chloride dominated systems. The limits of

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Geochemistry and habitat of natural gases in Italy

Cited by 47 publications

References 4 publications

A History of Organic Geochemistry

A History of Organic Geochemistry

Geomechanical response to seasonal gas storage in depleted reservoirs: A case study in the Po River basin, Italy

Na-carbonate waters of extreme composition: Possible origin and evolution.

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