Geochemical Features of Fallow Land in Ancient Plots in the Chora of Chersonesos

Lisetskii, Fedor; Zelenskaya, Eugenia; Rodionova, M.

doi:10.3390/geosciences8110410

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 36 publications

(38 reference statements)

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“…This was also the cause of the accelerated accumulation of soil organic carbon: ΔС (n•10) formed at 0.27 ± 0.13% year −1 . As shown earlier [35,72], in the chronological series of the calcaric Cambisols, the humus content in the upper horizon increases with age, from 4.1% to 7.0-9.6%. A significant humus accumulation was observed in soils aged at only several centuries (Table 3).…”

Section: Regional Chronofunctions Of Changes Of the Humus Horizonsupporting

confidence: 53%

“…to the 17th century A.D. For the particular conditions of the sub-Mediterranean climate (polygon II), the chronosequence members were 42 objects within the date range from 25 to 2000 years old. Some members of the chronosequence were the calcaric Cambisols, which were used to form the chronofunctions presented in previous pedological studies based on 21 archaeological sites [34,35], but were supplemented by the results of subsequent studies. The Munsell colour system [36] was used for the determination of soil colours.…”

Section: Different-time Soils Of Archaeological Sitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Estimates of Soil Renewal Rates: Applications for Anti-Erosion Arrangement of the Agricultural Landscape

Lisetskii

2019

Geosciences

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Engineering and geographic substantiation of the anti-erosion organization of agricultural landscapes requires not only differentiated estimations of erosion losses, but also commensurate (in terms of space–time scales) estimations of the soil loss tolerance. The main approaches for determining the participation of estimations of soil formation in the substantiation of erosion tolerance have been defined. This study is aimed at justifying the methods of incorporating the results of pedogenesis modeling into computational methods for organizing agricultural landscapes. This paper presents the results of a study of the process of formation of the humus horizon and the accumulation of organic carbon in soils, based on soils from archaeological sites in the Crimean Peninsula over a period from 25 to 2000 years ago, with differences in climate and parent rock, in a region with a thousand-year history of human activity. The patterns of variation in the thickness of the humus horizons over time and the accumulation of carbon were determined, and estimates for the rate of the pedogenesis were obtained. In connection with the slowing of the rate of pedogenesis over time, the chronofunction of the change in the thickness of soils (of both exponential and logistic types) may be applied and, on this basis, it is possible to calculate the rates of the formation of the humus horizon depending on the morphological status of the soils. During re-naturation of highly degraded soils, maximum renewal rates may take place only with a very high input of organic matter, which is crucial to take into account in the development and implementation of programs for the rehabilitation of degraded lands. Under the conditions of slope agriculture, the rationale for T-values should be linked to many factors of the input and consumption of organic carbon, which provides a logical mathematical model of the formation of soil quality. For soil quality management on agricultural lands, a formula for calculating T-values, using an equation where the rate of pedogenesis is associated with a variety of changes in soil organic carbon, is proposed in this article.

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Section: Regional Chronofunctions Of Changes Of the Humus Horizonsupporting

confidence: 53%

Section: Different-time Soils Of Archaeological Sitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimates of Soil Renewal Rates: Applications for Anti-Erosion Arrangement of the Agricultural Landscape

Lisetskii

2019

Geosciences

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“…Unlike other areas of the northern Black Sea region, western Crimea boasts an exceptionally well-preserved classical agricultural landscape, particularly on the Herakleian Peninsula around the ancient city of Chersonesos [26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34] and in parts of the Tarkhankut Peninsula where large areas still untouched by modern ploughing show the traces of ancient land use and management [9,27,29,32,[35][36][37][38]. e traces of ancient land division have also been revealed in eastern Crimea, in the rural territory of the European Bosporos [39,40].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Postantique Soils as a Source of Land Use Information: A Case Study of an Ancient Greek Agricultural Area on the Northern Black Sea Coast

Lisetskii

Stolba

Golyeva

et al. 2020

Applied and Environmental Soil Science

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As an effect of intensive agricultural development of the steppes of the northern Black Sea coast, the finds of postantique agricultural landscapes that preserve relic elements of ancient land-use infrastructure are extremely rare. To these belongs the uniquely preserved ancient Greek land division system on the Tarkhankut Peninsula (north-western Crimea), which was studied using the methods of soil science and biomorphic analysis. This paper explores ancient land-use practices in order to reconstruct the original parameters of the land division system, as well as agricultural techniques employed. For postantique agricultural landscapes, an integrated geoarchaeological approach that includes GIS and remote sensing methodologies, in-field study of microrelief and soil registrograms, pedochronological dating technique, and physicochemical, geochemical, and biomorphic soil analyses has been developed and tested. The soil-geomorphological reconstruction shows that the Hellenistic land division system included a 4.5–4.9 m wide strip of land bordered by a 4.1–4.7 m wide (at the base) and c. 0.2 m high wall and a c. 2 m wide and over 15 cm deep trench, which controlled surface runoff and erosion. Ancient agricultural practices of slope farming resembled the modern ones. Surface runoff and soil erosion were controlled by dividing the catchment area into narrow plots, the borders of which on arable land were marked by simple earthen structures (low walls with shallow trenches). The biomorphic analysis of soil sampled atop these structures indicates that in ancient times, these earthen walls were not cultivated. The study of conservative properties preserved in pedomemory of postagrogenic soils provided valuable evidence of agricultural techniques used in the palaeogeographic conditions of the 4th and 3rd centuries BC.

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“…38 In soil science, a physical research methodology is important for the correct interpretation of different organic chemistry applications taking into account the long-term biogeochemical changes. 39 The wider use of physical methods is promising for the multifaceted study of organic matter. This is linked to different media, different chemical production strata, and diverse biogeochemical regimes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A need for new findings in this area of research is becoming obvious. − In particular, this will motivate studies on higher resistivity of plants to pathogens and pathogen suppression . In soil science, a physical research methodology is important for the correct interpretation of different organic chemistry applications taking into account the long-term biogeochemical changes . The wider use of physical methods is promising for the multifaceted study of organic matter.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of Organic Matter Dispersions Based on Light Scattering Matrices Focusing on Soil Organic Matter Management

et al. 2020

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The origin of organic matter, its spread, scattering, and functioning are influenced by the physical structure of liquid or dispersed media of organic matter. Refractive indices of fodder yeast grown on paraffin oil (paprin) and natural gas (gaprin) as well as Lycoperdon spore and organelles were measured by laser phase microscopy. The scattering matrices of aqueous suspensions of paprin, gaprin, and Lycoperdon spores were measured using a laser polarimeter with the scattering angle ranging from 20 to 150°. The experimentally measured scattering matrices have been approximated by the weighted sum of theoretically calculated scattering matrices using the T-matrix code developed by Mishchenko. Most of the particle radii in the filtered fraction of paprin and gaprin were within the range of about 0.05−0.12 μm. Particle radii of the Lycoperdon spore suspension were within the range of 0.4−2.4 μm, which corresponded to both whole spores and their separate organelles. A possibility of identifying a suspension by its scattering matrices was shown for a small difference in the real parts of the refractive index in the example of paprin and gaprin. The measurements of the light scattering matrix showed that for a small size parameter of about 1, the identification of paprin and gaprin can be based only on a difference in the particle shape. Refractive index difference is manifested for the size parameter values higher than 3. An example of a suspension consisting of micron-sized spores and their submicron organelles shows high sensitivity of the scattering matrix to the composition of the dispersed material. The presented data and models help to extrapolate the results of the light scattering matrix study to a vast spectrum of media of organic matter origin and functioning. This study focused on the Biogeosystem Technique (BGT*) transcendental methodology to manage soil as an arena of biodegradation and organic synthesis. A BGT*-based robotic system for intra-soil pulse continuous−discrete water and matter supply directly into the dispersed−aggregated physical structure of the soil media was developed. The system enables transformation of soil into a stable highly productive organic chemical bioreactor for better controlled nanoparticle biomolecular interactions and adsorption by biological and mineral media. The scattering matrix measurement unit is supposed to be used in the robotic system as a diagnostic tool for the dispersion composition of soil organic components.

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Geochemical Features of Fallow Land in Ancient Plots in the Chora of Chersonesos

Cited by 11 publications

References 36 publications

Estimates of Soil Renewal Rates: Applications for Anti-Erosion Arrangement of the Agricultural Landscape

Estimates of Soil Renewal Rates: Applications for Anti-Erosion Arrangement of the Agricultural Landscape

Postantique Soils as a Source of Land Use Information: A Case Study of an Ancient Greek Agricultural Area on the Northern Black Sea Coast

Identification of Organic Matter Dispersions Based on Light Scattering Matrices Focusing on Soil Organic Matter Management

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