Genotypic and Environmental Effects on Grain Yield and Quality of Oat Grown in North Dakota

Abstract

The grain yield and quality determine much of the value of an oat (Avena sativa L.) crop to the producer. This study investigated effects of genotype and environment on grain yield and quality. Twelve oat genotypes were grown during 3 yr at four locations in North Dakota where detailed environmental data were being collected. Grain yield, test weight, groat percentage, groat weight, and groat composition (protein, oil, β‐glucan, and starch concentrations) were evaluated. Results were subjected to analysis of variance and influences of environmental factors were evaluated by correlation analysis. Analysis of variance suggested that grain yield, groat starch, and ash concentrations were more strongly affected by environment than by genotype. Test weight, groat percentage, groat weight, protein, and β‐glucan were about equally influenced by environment and by genotype, whereas groat lipid was more strongly influenced by genotype. Significant environment × genotype interactions for all characteristics were attributed to differential resistance of genotypes to crown rust (caused by Puccinia coronata Corda var. aveneae W.P. Fraser & Ledingham) infection. Environments severely affected by crown rust produced grain with lower test weight, groat weight, and groat percentage in susceptible genotypes. Correlation analyses suggested that warm, bright (high solar radiation) spring weather, and cooler summer weather without excessive rains during grain filling generated the best oat yields with high quality grain.

Effects of genetic and agronomic factors on grain composition in oats

“…The results were contrasting: b-glucan was found to be affected by a reduced availability of water (Peterson 1991;Brunner and Freed 1994), or positively correlated to the amount of precipitation in July and August, and to warmer temperatures (Doehlert et al 2001). Previous data also showed that both oat genotype and agronomic practises, as seeding season and rotation, can be important determinants of the variability of protein and b-glucan (Redaelli et al 2009).…”

Genetic progress in oat associated with fungicide use in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

“…From the 1970s onwards, several breeding program partnerships were established between the United States and Brazilian research institutions; these programs introduced the sources of resistance mainly to leaf and stem rust in oat (Federizzi et al, 2005). Leaf rust is a major disease of oat (Zambonato et al, 2012), causing reduction in its grain quality (Doehlert et al, 2001). It was assumed that genetic progress in grain yield and hectoliter weight was associated with fungicide use on aerial plant parts of oat cultivars in RS.…”

Herança da resistência à ferrugem da folha da aveia (Puccinia coronata f. sp. avenae Fraser & Led.) em genótipos brasileiros de aveia branca

“…avenae Fraser & Led.,), é a moléstia mais importante que ataca a cultura da aveia, ocorrendo em praticamente todas as áreas em que a aveia é cultivada (SIMONS & MURPHY, 1961). A moléstia vem sendo apontada como um dos principais fatores limitantes para a expansão da área cultivada com o cereal, uma vez que a mesma pode ocasionar perdas no rendimento, por reduzir o peso e a qualidade dos grãos, mesmo em plantas moderadamente atacadas (DOEHLERT et al, 2001;LORENCETTI et al, 2004;BENIN et al, 2005).…”