Genetics of Human Host Susceptibility to Ascariasis

Williams‐Blangero, Sarah; Fenstad, Mona Høysæter; Kumar, Satish; Blangero, John

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-396978-1.00012-4

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…Previous studies showed that TNFSF13B gene is a QTL for Ascaris susceptibility [ 8 , 9 ], harboring genetic variants associated with IgE response to Ascaris and worm burden [ 10 , 40 ]. Now we have data suggesting that, in addition to genetic evidence, there is a relationship between the antibody responses to Ascaris and BAFF at the protein and mRNA level; although a causal relationship between them has yet to be demonstrated.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The strength of the antibody response to the nematode Ascaris lumbricoides inversely correlates with levels of B-Cell Activating Factor (BAFF)

et al. 2014

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BackgroundB-Cell Activating Factor (BAFF) is a cytokine regulating antibody production. Polymorphisms in the gene encoding BAFF were associated with the antibody response to Ascaris but not to mite allergens. In the present study we evaluated the relationship between BAFF and specific antibodies against Ascaris and mites in 448 controls and 448 asthmatics. Soluble BAFF was measured by ELISA and BAFF mRNA by qPCR. Surface expression of BAFF and its receptor (BAFF-R) was analyzed by flow cytometry.ResultsIndividuals with specific IgE levels to Ascaris >75th percentile had lower levels of soluble BAFF; those with specific IgG levels to Ascaris >75th percentile had reduced BAFF mRNA. Total IgE and specific IgE to mites were not related to BAFF levels. There were no differences in soluble BAFF or mRNA levels between asthmatics and controls. There was an inverse relationship between the cell-surface expression of BAFF-R on CD19+ B cells and BAFF levels at the transcriptional and protein level.ConclusionsThese findings suggest that differences in BAFF levels are related to the strength of the antibody response to Ascaris.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The strength of the antibody response to the nematode Ascaris lumbricoides inversely correlates with levels of B-Cell Activating Factor (BAFF)

et al. 2014

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“…This robust study demonstrated a correlation between the phenotype of human groups and helminth egg load and concluded that between 30% (p=0.0016) and 50% (p<0.0001) of the variation in worm burden was due to genetic factors. This was the first study to establish the importance of host genetic factors in determining parasite load, demonstrating the urgency of determining which genes are responsible for causing this susceptibility (Williams-Blangero et al, 2013).…”

Section: Disease or Proximate Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Human ascariasis, an evolutionary complex relationship between host and parasite

Baldi¹,

Baldi²

2022

Ciencias Veterinarias

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Ascariasis is a debilitating parasitic disease that has decimated the health of hundreds of thousands of human beings, especially in developing countries. The lack of adequate prophylaxis of the parasite associated with an increased risk of immunological disease is a challenge mainly in developed countries where the prevalence of this parasite is very low. The evolutionary relationship and mechanisms by which the parasite was able to colonize and establish itself in human hosts have not yet been unraveled. In addition, the host immune response mechanisms to eliminate or control the parasite are not fully understood. Understanding these immunological mechanisms (proximates) will allow establishing better medical treatments for diseases related to the positive effects of parasitosis, thus also avoiding the undesirable effects of the parasitosis itself.

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“…Nejsum et al (2009a) found that infection levels of the two most abundant gastrointestinal nematodes in pigs, i.e., the roundworm Ascaris suum and the whipworm Trichuris suis, had significant heritabilities, with 29-45% of the variation in A. suum worm counts and 32-73% of the variation in T. suis faecal egg counts explained by host genetics. Although several studies have attempted to detect genetic loci associated with parasite infection levels (Skallerup et al, 2012;Riggio et al, 2013;Williams-Blangero et al, 2013), we are still far from fully understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying differences in individual susceptibility to these infections.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serum antibody responses in pigs trickle-infected with Ascaris and Trichuris: Heritabilities and associations with parasitological findings

Kringel

Thamsborg

Petersen

et al. 2015

Veterinary Parasitology

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Genetics of Human Host Susceptibility to Ascariasis

Cited by 3 publications

References 63 publications

The strength of the antibody response to the nematode Ascaris lumbricoides inversely correlates with levels of B-Cell Activating Factor (BAFF)

The strength of the antibody response to the nematode Ascaris lumbricoides inversely correlates with levels of B-Cell Activating Factor (BAFF)

Human ascariasis, an evolutionary complex relationship between host and parasite

Serum antibody responses in pigs trickle-infected with Ascaris and Trichuris: Heritabilities and associations with parasitological findings

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