Serum antibody responses in pigs trickle-infected with Ascaris and Trichuris: Heritabilities and associations with parasitological findings

Kringel, Helene; Thamsborg, Stig Milan; Petersen, Heidi Huus; Göring, Harald Heinz Herbert; Skallerup, Per; Nejsum, Peter

doi:10.1016/j.vetpar.2015.06.008

Cited by 11 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 39 publications

(45 reference statements)

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“…Likewise, IgG antibodies from mice immunized with irradiated Schistosoma cercariae were used for passive transfer in a Schistosoma mansoni infection model, which again demonstrated a reduction of 20–50% in cercariae after infection when compared to the control group ( 23 ). While the protective role of antibodies is controversial during natural Ascaris infection ( 24 , 25 ), our results demonstrate an unequivocal protective effect of antibodies derived from vaccination with crude extracts, indicating that specific humoral responses induced by vaccination may form an important arm of immunity against Ascaris infection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 51%

IgG Induced by Vaccination With Ascaris suum Extracts Is Protective Against Infection

Gazzinelli-Guimarães

Nogueira

et al. 2018

Front. Immunol.

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Human ascariasis has a global and cosmopolitan distribution, and has been characterized as the most prevalent neglected tropical disease worldwide. The development of a preventive vaccine is highly desirable to complement current measures required for this parasitic infection control and to reduce chronic childhood morbidities. In the present study, we describe the mechanism of protection elicited by a preventive vaccine against ascariasis. Vaccine efficacy was evaluated after immunization with three different Ascaris suum antigen extracts formulated with monophosphoryl lipid A (MPLA) as an adjuvant: crude extract of adult worm (ExAD); crude extract of adult worm cuticle (CUT); and crude extract of infective larvae (L3) (ExL3). Immunogenicity elicited by immunization was assessed by measuring antibody responses, cytokine production, and influx of tissue inflammatory cells. Vaccine efficacy was evaluated by measuring the reductions in the numbers of larvae in the lungs of immunized BALB/c mice that were challenged with A. suum eggs. Moreover, lung physiology and functionality were tested by spirometry to determine clinical efficacy. Finally, the role of host antibody mediated protection was determined by passive transfer of serum from immunized mice. Significant reductions in the total number of migrating larvae were observed in mice immunized with ExL3 61% (p < 0.001), CUT 59% (p < 0.001), and ExAD 51% (p < 0.01) antigens in comparison with non-immunized mice. For the Ascaris antigen-specific IgG antibody levels, a significant and progressive increase was observed with each round of immunization, in association with a marked increase of IgG1 and IgG3 subclasses. Moreover, a significant increase in concentration of IL-5 and IL-10 (pre-challenge) in the blood and IL-10 in the lung tissue (post-challenge) was induced by CUT immunization. Finally, ExL3 and CUT-immunized mice showed a marked improvement in lung pathology and tissue fibrosis as well as reduced pulmonary dysfunction induced by Ascaris challenge, when compared to non-immunized mice. Moreover, the passive transfer of specific IgG antibodies from ExL3, CUT, and ExAD elicited a protective response in naïve mice, with significant reductions in parasite burdens in lungs of 65, 64, and 64%, respectively. Taken together, these studies indicated that IgG antibodies contribute to protective immunity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 51%

IgG Induced by Vaccination With Ascaris suum Extracts Is Protective Against Infection

Gazzinelli-Guimarães

Nogueira

et al. 2018

Front. Immunol.

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“…suum infected pigs. Lactobacillus rhamnossus modulation of type-2 allergic responses has also been reported in a mouse ovalbumin (OVA)-induced allergy model where it suppressed inflammatory cell infiltration in the airways and BAL fluid after challenge with OVA, and reduced IL4, IL5 and IL-13 gene expression in the lungs and spleen [ 24 , 25 ]. In our model, dietary treatment affected type 2 gene expression in the TBLN, but not the MLN draining the small intestine of A .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flavanol-Rich Cocoa Powder Interacts with Lactobacillus rhamnossus LGG to Alter the Antibody Response to Infection with the Parasitic Nematode Ascaris suum

et al. 2017

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Consumption of the probiotic bacteria Lactobacillus rhamnosus LGG and flavanol-rich cocoa have purported immune modulating effects. This study compared the host response to infection with Ascaris suum in three-month-old pigs fed a standard growth diet supplemented with a vehicle control: LGG, cocoa powder (CP) or LGG + CP. Pigs were inoculated with infective A. suum eggs during Week 5 of dietary treatment and euthanized 17 days later. Lactobacillus abundance was increased in pigs fed LGG or LGG + CP. Specific anti-A. suum IgG2 antibodies were decreased (p < 0.05) in LGG + CP-fed pigs compared to pigs fed CP alone. Pigs fed LGG had significantly reduced expression (p < 0.05) of Eosinophil peroxidase (EPX), Interleukin 13 (IL-13), Eotaxin 3 (CCL26), Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2), TLR4, and TLR9 and Interleukin-1Beta (IL1B) in the tracheal-bronchial lymph node (TBLN) independent of CP treatment. These results suggested that feeding LGG significantly reduced the localized prototypical Th2-related markers of infection with A. suum in the TBLN. Although feeding CP does not appear to affect the A. suum-induced Th2-associated cytokine response, feeding LGG + CP reduced anti-A. suum antibodies and delayed intestinal expulsion of parasitic larvae from the intestine.

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“…hookworm infections in gerbils/dogs, Schistosoma spp. or Trichuris muris infections in mice, A. suum or T. suis infections in pigs [53][54][55][56]). The importance of well-characterized biobanks will become even more wanted in the near future as countries will attempt to integrate control or monitoring programs of multiple NTDs [57].…”

Section: There Is a Need For Well-characterized Biobanks For Biomarker Discoverymentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of antigenic linear peptides in the soil-transmitted helminth and Schistosoma mansoni proteome

et al. 2021

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The scientific community identified non stool-based biomarkers as the way forward to support soil-transmitted helminth (STH; Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichiura and the hookworms Ancylostoma duodenale and Necator americanus) and schistosome (S. mansoni and S. haematobium) deworming programs. This support is needed in making the decision of whether or not to stop preventive chemotherapy intervention efforts and to ultimately transition towards a post-intervention surveillance phase. We applied a two-step micro-array approach to identify antigenic linear epitopes in the STH and S. mansoni proteomes. In a first experiment, we identified antigenic peptides by applying sera from 24 STH and/or S. mansoni infected Ethiopian children on a high-density peptide microarray containing 3.3 million peptides derived from the complete STH and S. mansoni proteomes. A second array experiment with 170,185 peptides that were recognized in the first array was designed to identify non-specific antibody reactivity by applying sera from 24 healthy individuals from Belgium (a non-endemic country). From this array testing cascade, several peptides were identified for STH but none of them appeared to be unique for one species. We therefore concluded that for STH, none of the peptides revealed to be sufficiently sensitive or species specific. For S. mansoni, some promising peptides were identified prompting future investigation. Based on these results, it is unlikely that linear epitopes would be highly useful in detecting species-specific antibody responses to STH in endemic communities. For S. mansoni, one particular peptide of the micro-exon gene 12 (MEG-12) protein deserves further research. In addition, this study emphasizes the need of well-characterized biobanks for biomarker discovery, particularly when the integration of multiple disease programs is envisioned.

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Serum antibody responses in pigs trickle-infected with Ascaris and Trichuris: Heritabilities and associations with parasitological findings

Cited by 11 publications

References 39 publications

IgG Induced by Vaccination With Ascaris suum Extracts Is Protective Against Infection

IgG Induced by Vaccination With Ascaris suum Extracts Is Protective Against Infection

Flavanol-Rich Cocoa Powder Interacts with Lactobacillus rhamnossus LGG to Alter the Antibody Response to Infection with the Parasitic Nematode Ascaris suum

Identification of antigenic linear peptides in the soil-transmitted helminth and Schistosoma mansoni proteome

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