Genetic variation in the first intron and exon of the myostatin gene in several Indonesian cattle populations

Abstract

Background and Aim: Myostatin (MSTN), a member of the transforming growth factor-β family, is a negative regulator of muscle mass. This study aimed to detect the genetic variation of the 1160 bp fragment of exon 1 and part of intron 1 of the MSTN gene in several cattle populations raised in Indonesia. Materials and Methods: Polymerase chain reaction products of the MSTN gene amplified from 92 animals representing 10 cattle populations (Peranakan Ongole [PO], Belgian Blue x PO cross, Rambon, PO x Bali cross, Jabres, Galekan, Sragen, Donggala, Madura, and Bali) were sequenced, compared, and aligned with bovine MSTN of Bos taurus (GenBank Acc. No. AF320998.1) and Bos indicus (GenBank Acc. No. AY794986.1). Results: Four nucleotide substitutions (nt 1045 and 1066 in intron 1; nt 262 and 418 in exon 1) and two indels (nt 807 and 869 in intron 1) were synonymous mutations. Among these substitutions, only the nt 262G>C and nt 418A>G loci were polymorphic in all populations, except Bali cattle. The frequencies of the nt 262C (0.82) and nt 418A (0.65) alleles were highest. For the nt 262G>C locus, the CC genotype had the highest frequency (0.66) followed by GC (0.30) and CC (0.03). For the nt 418A>G locus, the AG genotype had the highest frequency (0.52) followed by AA (0.39) and GG (0.09). Conclusion: The results, showing genetic variations in exon 1 and intron 1 of the MSTN gene, might be helpful for future association studies.

Polymorphism of the myostatin gene exon 1 using PCR-RFLP technique in five beef cattle in Indonesia

“…A similar occurrence also happened to Madura cattle, which is the result of a crossbreeding between Bali cattle (Bos javanicus) and Ongole cattle (Bos indicus) when people from India came to Indonesia 1500 years ago and had been continuously breeding on the Madura island [19]. [20] that reported three genotypes in the PO cattle population using sequencing techniques: CC, CG, and GG. However, similar results were obtained regarding the genetic diversity of the MSTN gene in Madura cattle, which only showed the CG and GG genotypes.…”

Genetic polymorphism of myostatin gene in Sumba Ongole (Bos indicus) cattle and its association with growth traits

“…Considering the importance of this gene, investigation of the biological roles of the MSTN gene in Ongole cattle is required because mutations in some of the other beef cattle, including European cattle [ 23 , 27 , 28 ], Australian breeds [ 30 ], and Indonesian beef cattle [ 31 , 32 , 35 ] are associated with growth traits. The literature search revealed that there is no prior research examining the allelic and genotypic frequencies of the MSTN gene in SO cattle, making direct comparisons with other studies in Ongole cow breeds worldwide difficult.…”

“…The role of the MSTN gene in economic production has been identified in various breeds of beef cattle, such as Belgian blue [ 26 ], Nellore cattle [ 25 , 27 ], Piemontese young bulls [ 23 , 28 ], Russian cattle [ 2 ], Marchigiana bulls [ 3 ], and, Chinese yellow cattle [ 29 ]. The trait can be found in Australian beef cattle [ 30 ] and in some breeds of Indonesian beef cattle, such as the Peranakan Ongole (PO), the Belgian Blue × PO hybrid, and the PO × Pegolo Bali cattle [ 31 , 32 ]. However, the result might probably be different from other Ongole beef cattle extensively grazed under a harsh environment in a tropical semi-arid region, such as Sumba Island [ 33 ].…”

“…However, the result might probably be different from other Ongole beef cattle extensively grazed under a harsh environment in a tropical semi-arid region, such as Sumba Island [ 33 ]. The PO breed of cattle is a crossbreed of the Java and Sumba Ongole (SO) breeds [ 32 ], while the SO cattle are one of Indonesia’s native beef cattle breeds, brought originally from India by the Indonesian Government in the earliest of 18th century. The SO cattle have been extensively grazed on Sumba Island for genetic development [ 34 ].…”

“…However, it has been established that MSTN gene polymorphism and its association with growth traits in European cattle breeds [ 37 ], Angus cattle [ 11 , 12 ], Belgian Blue cattle [ 26 ], and Nellore cattle [ 25 , 27 ] and the association between the MSTN gene polymorphism and growth traits in SO cattle, one of the Bos indicus breed, have not been studied in depth. To date, the MSTN gene is considered polymorphic in other Ongole crossbred cattle, such as PO cattle, Bengali, or Zebu cattle ( B. indicus ) [ 32 ].…”