Genetic effects in crossbreeding

Kinghorn, Brian

doi:10.1111/j.1439-0388.1982.tb00365.x

Cited by 39 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…However, epistasis can be classified in two general categories: i. interaction between single genes and the total genotype at all other loci. This is seen as a scale effect (KINGHORN 1982). ii.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…The non-additive components of merit involved are based on interaction within loci (dominance) and interaction between loci (epistasis). When considering dominance as a component of heterosis, heterozygosity with respect to breed of origin of genes is taken into account (see, for example, DICKERSON 1969 andKINGHORN 1982).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…interaction within small groups of loci whose products are interdependent in function (DICKERSON 1969 andKINGHORN 1980). Scale effects in the expression of heterosis can be tested for in a relatively simple manner (MATHER andJmKs 1977 andKINGHORN 1982), but interaction within small groups of loci is the subject of a number of models. These models fall into two categories:…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, this is restricted to a participation of only 2 parental breeds. KINGHORN (1980 and1982) presents a multibreed model. ii.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The means of these groups are expected to be equal if epistatic and parental heterosis effects are absent. KINGHORN (1982) cites cases where such evidence has been found in chickens, sheep, maize and Tribolium, and SHERIDAN (1981) gives a more comprehensive review of this area.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Genetic effects in crossbreeding

Kinghorn¹

1983

Zeitschrift für Tierzüchtung und Züchtungsbiologie

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, this is restricted to a participation of only 2 parental breeds. KINGHORN (1980 and1982) presents a multibreed model. ii.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Genetic effects in crossbreeding

Kinghorn¹

1983

Zeitschrift für Tierzüchtung und Züchtungsbiologie

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Formation of optimal composite populations

MacNeil

1987

Theoret. Appl. Genetics

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The optimal breed composition of a composite population is derived from straightbred and average heterotic effects. It is demonstrated that there is a unique breed composition which maximizes a bioeconomic objective for a composite of m breeds. A forward stepwise approach for determination of the number of breeds to include in the composite population is advocated. Two examples of optimal composite populations are presented and briefly discussed using simulated net returns to weaning and through slaughter as objectives.

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Comparison of lifetime performance in mice under crisscross, repeat hybrid male cross and random mating systems

Nagai

McAllister

1985

Theoret. Appl. Genetics

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Mating systems that capitalize on heterosis in dairy cattle are the criss-cross (CC), the repeat hybrid male cross (RHMC) and random mating within a synthetic population (SYN). When performance is determined solely by direct additive genetic and dominance genetic effects, expected performance under CC (averaged over four generations after F1 generation), relative to that under RHMC (or SYN) is (59 G1+69 G2 +82 H)/64(G1+G2+H), where Gi is direct additive genetic effect of breed i and H is direct heterosis. Five CC, five RHMC and one SYN population of mice were prepared to test 533, 534 and 410 females, respectively for performance during lifetime (155 days after mating). Each female was pair-mated at day 42 with a male from the SYN population and the number of lactations during the lifetime (NL), total number (TN) and weight (TW in g) of young born alive during lifetime, total number (AN) and weight (AW in g) of young raised to weaning (18 days), and actual length of reproductive life (RL in days) were recorded. Observed performance averaged over four generations was, under CC, RHMC and SYN, 4.74, 4.62 and 4.56 for NL, 49.9, 48.2 and 48.8 for TN, 86.0, 83.6 and 85.1 g for TW, 47.5, 45.5 and 46.3 for AN, 512.1, 517.9 and 521.1 g for AW, and 120.0, 117.6 and 116.7 for RL, respectively. Heterosis due to the female (H) was 10, 30, 33, 34, 43 and 9% for NL, TN, TW, AN, AW and RL, respectively. Direct additive genetic values were estimated for each pair of lines involved with CC or RHMC. These values were used in the formula to calculate expected performance in each mating system. The ratio of CC to RHMC for the expected and observed performance was 1.01 and 1.01 for NL, 1.04 and 1.04 for TN, 1.04 and 1.03 for TW, 1.04 and 1.04 for AN, 1.05 and 0.99 for AW, and 1.01 and 1.02 for RL, respectively. The ratio of CC to SYN for the observed performance was 1.04 for NL, 1.02 for TN, 1.01 for TW, 1.03 for AN, 0.98 for AW, and 1.03 for RL. As expected, the observed mean performance under CC was slightly larger than that under RHMC or SYN.

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Genetic effects in crossbreeding

Cited by 39 publications

References 10 publications

Genetic effects in crossbreeding

Genetic effects in crossbreeding

Formation of optimal composite populations

Comparison of lifetime performance in mice under crisscross, repeat hybrid male cross and random mating systems

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