Genetic effects in crossbreeding

Kinghorn, Brian

doi:10.1111/j.1439-0388.1983.tb00726.x

Cited by 19 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…The following single‐trait animal model was used to estimate crossbreeding parameters and across‐breed genetic parameters such as genetic variance and heritability:

bold-italicy goodbreak= boldXβ goodbreak+ boldZu goodbreak+ bolde,

where y is the vector of phenotypic measurements; β is the vector of fixed effects; u is the vector of breeding values; e is the vector of residuals; and X and Z are the design matrices for β and u , respectively. For the fixed effects, the Kinghorn model (Kinghorn, 1980, 1983) was used to estimate the following three crossbreeding parameters: the additive breed effect (g), dominance effect (d), and epistatic loss effect (e x ). The coefficients of crossbreeding parameters, namely, f (g), f (d), and f (e x ), were set as follows: f (g) = proportion of the Jinhua gene (the value is 0–1), f (d) = heterozygosity ratio between Jinhua and Duroc genes (the value is 0–1), f (e x ) = 1 – (the proportion of Jinhua gene) 2 – (the proportion of Duroc gene) 2 (the value is 0–0.5). …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The values of the coefficients of the respective crossbreeding parameters are listed in Table 1. Kinghorn (1983) stated that e x only assumes additive‐by‐additive epistatic interactions and provides a good description of the nature of epistatic interactions in a crossbreeding population. The dominance effect in the Kinghorn model is similar to the heterosis effect when the epistatic loss effect is small and negligible.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…where y is the vector of phenotypic measurements; β is the vector of fixed effects; u is the vector of breeding values; e is the vector of residuals; and X and Z are the design matrices for β and u, respectively. For the fixed effects, the Kinghorn model (Kinghorn, 1980(Kinghorn, , 1983 was used to estimate the following three crossbreeding parameters: the additive breed effect (g), dominance effect (d), and epistatic loss effect (e x ). The coefficients of crossbreeding parameters, namely, f (g), f (d), and f (e x ), were set as follows:…”

Section: Statistical Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Genetic parameters for carcass and meat quality traits in Jinhua, Duroc, and their crossbred pigs

Terada,

Ohtani,

Ogawa

et al. 2023

J Animal Breeding Genetics

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Jinhua pigs have excellent meat quality and intramuscular fat content (IMF). Crossbreeding of Jinhua with Duroc pigs with high productivity was conducted to develop a new composite breed that possesses the beneficial characteristics of both breeds. The objective of this study was to estimate the crossbreeding parameters (additive breed, dominance, and epistatic loss effects) using the Kinghorn model and genetic parameters (heritability and genetic correlation) for carcass and meat quality traits by analysing the phenotypic data of Jinhua, Duroc, and their crossbred pigs. Backfat thickness at the thinnest point above the 9th to 13th thoracic vertebrae (BF), longissimus muscle area between the 4th and 5th thoracic vertebrae (LMA), meat shear force value (SFV), and IMF were measured. The additive breed effects were significant for all traits: 1.59 cm, −8.30 cm2, −6.38 lb/cm2, and 1.76% for BF, LMA, SFV, and IMF, respectively. The dominance effect was significant for LMA (7.41 cm2) and IMF (−2.46%), whereas the epistatic loss effect was significant for only LMA (−15.18 cm2). The estimated heritability values were high, ranging from 0.58 for IMF to 0.76 for LMA. A negative but non‐significant genetic correlation of −0.11 was estimated between BF and IMF; however, previous studies have reported that the genetic correlation between these traits is moderately positive in modern western pigs. Our results imply that, with the estimation of crossbreeding and genetic parameters, genetic improvement could be implemented to produce a new composite breed with good meat quality and productivity, to meet Japanese market requirements, by crossbreeding Jinhua and Duroc pigs.

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“…The following single‐trait animal model was used to estimate crossbreeding parameters and across‐breed genetic parameters such as genetic variance and heritability:

bold-italicy goodbreak= boldXβ goodbreak+ boldZu goodbreak+ bolde,

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Statistical Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Genetic parameters for carcass and meat quality traits in Jinhua, Duroc, and their crossbred pigs

Terada,

Ohtani,

Ogawa

et al. 2023

J Animal Breeding Genetics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Dickerson (1973) extended the dominance model by "recombination loss" accounting the epistatic effects on the level of the gametes. Another extension of the dominance model where the epistatic effects are considered on the level of genotypes rather than that of gametes was presented by Kinghorn (1980Kinghorn ( , 1982Kinghorn ( , 1983. Kinghorn (1987) presented the general model to describe the nature of 2 locus epistatic interaction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Crossbreeding Effects for Wool Traits in Sheep

Malik¹,

Singh²

2006

Asian Australas. J. Anim. Sci

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Crossbreeding effects for wool quality traits viz. greasy fleece weight (kg), staple length (cm), average fibre diameter (µ) and medulation percentage were estimated using the Dickerson's and Kinghorn's models. The data analyzed involved 15 genetic groups including Nali purebred, F 1 's of two and three breeds, F 2 's and reciprocal crossbred obtained from the crossing of Nali (N), Merino (M) and Corriedale (C) breeds during 1980-96. Nali and Corriedale breeds had non-significant negative additive genetic effects (Dickerson's model) on greasy fleece weight, while effects of Corriedale were negative for staple length only from both models. In general additive genetic effects of all three breeds were non-significant for all the wool traits except medulation percentage. Non significant heterotic and recombination effects (epistatic loss) were estimated from both models. However, the estimates of crossbreeding effects varied between the models both in magnitude as well as in direction barring few exceptions. Undesirable positive heterosis was found on medulation percentage for all types of combinations involving three breeds. Comparison of least squares means of various genetic groups revealed that both two breed and three breed crosses were superior to the Nali breed for all wool quality traits. Fibre diameter of MN crossbreds was significantly less than CN crossbreds. Results also indicated that as the inheritance of Nali breed in a cross is decreased, the medulation percentage decreases which is desirable. Inter se mating of crossbreds (two breed, three breed) has not resulted in a decline in the wool quality traits. These results indicate that the synthetic population derived from three breeds can be stabilized easily for wool traits as there may not be epistatic loss on subsequent inter se mating of crossbreds.

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The nature of 2-locus epistatic interactions in animals: evidence from Sewall Wright's guinea pig data

Kinghorn

1987

Theoret. Appl. Genetics

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The nature of epistatic interactions affects covariance between relatives and the expression of heterosis in various crossbred genotypes. The investigation of these interactions for metric traits requires large data sets of a suitable type. Data from Sewall Wright's early work with guinea pigs are used to compare the goodness-of-fit of seven biological models of 2-locus interaction for the six out of eleven traits in which epistatic effects are apparent. The model equivalent to additive x additive epistasis gives the best general fit over traits, with an average transformed R(2) value significantly greater than that of the next best fitting model (P<0.05). This result is compatible with results from the one other study in this area, using data from mice. It is concluded that, based on results available to date, the additive x additive 2-locus model of epistatic interaction appears most suitable for reduced genetic models.

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Genetic effects in crossbreeding

Cited by 19 publications

References 9 publications

Genetic parameters for carcass and meat quality traits in Jinhua, Duroc, and their crossbred pigs

Genetic parameters for carcass and meat quality traits in Jinhua, Duroc, and their crossbred pigs

Evaluation of Crossbreeding Effects for Wool Traits in Sheep

The nature of 2-locus epistatic interactions in animals: evidence from Sewall Wright's guinea pig data

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