Genetic Diversity, Heritability and Correlation Between Local Cultivars of Paddy Gogo

Abstract

Paddy is one of the important cereal crops as food a main food for a third of the world's population, including Asia. Production of paddy rice plants can be improved through plant genetic improvement. The ebjective of this study was examine the genetic diversity, heritability, and correlation between the characteristics of several local upland rice cultivars. This study was carried out in Tamarenja Village, Sindue District, Donggala Regency, Central Sulawesi Province. It was began in May to October 2018. A Randomized Block Design with eight cultivars as a genotypic treatment and reapeted three times was used in this study. There were 24 trial plots in total. Variables observed included plant height, number of leaves, length of leaves, number of tillers, number of productive tillers, age of panicle exit, panicle length, harvest age, number of seeds per panicle, seed length, seed diameter, weight of 100 seeds, and total yield. The results showed that the genetic influences were more dominant than the environment on all observed variables except the weight of 100 seeds and seed diameter. The number of seeds per panicle, the number of tillers and the number of productive tillers were traits that have a high value on heritability and genetic progress. Panicle length, seed diameter and weight of 100 seeds were characteristics that have a high genetic correlation coefficient on upland rice yields. The weight of 100 seeds has a direct influence and high genetic correlation to the results so that it can be used as a direct selection criterion to increase upland rice yields.

Variability, heritability, and performance of 28 West Sumatran upland rice cultivars, Indonesia

“…Moderate (grain yield per plant) and low (panicle length) heritability estimates have a slight chance of passing on the traits to their offspring. Moderate and low heritability values indicate that the appearance of plant phenotypes is more influenced by environmental factors than genetic factors (Mustakim et al 2019). Traits with low or moderate heritability have a low chance of being passed on to their offspring; therefore, selecting these traits tends to be ineffective, and the assembly of superior traits will be difficult to achieve.…”

Pendugaan Kemiripan Sifat dan Beberapa Karakter Agronomi Padi Gogo Lokal

“…Hingga kini, plasma nutfah padi lokal masih banyak yang belum dikarakterisasi dan dievaluasi (Silitonga, 2008). Penelitian sebelumnya yang dilakukan oleh (Mustakim et al, 2019) melaporkan bahwa pengaruh genetik lebih dominan dari pada lingkungan pada semua variable yang diamati kecuali bobot 100 biji dan diameter biji, jumlah biji permalai, jumlah anakan dan jumlah anakan produktif merupakan sifat yang memiliki nilai heritabilitas dan kemajuan genetik harapan yang tinggi. Panjang malai, diameter biji dan bobot 100 biji merupakan sifat-sifat yang memiliki nilai koefisien korelasi genetik yang tinggi terhadap hasil padi gogo.…”

“…Samudin et al, (2020) mengemukakan bahwa perbedaan produksi antara kultivar yang satu dengan yang lainnya ialah kemampuan beradaptasi masing-masing kultivar. Mustakim et al (2019) mengemukakan bahwa tanaman yang memiliki genetik yang unggul tidak akan mengalami perubahan yang signifikan ketika lingkungan tumbuhnya berubah.…”

Daya Hasil Beberapa Kultivar Padi Gogo Lokal Asal Kabupaten Tojo Una-Una dan Sigi

“…Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh bahwa terdapat keberagaman produksi dari beberapa kultivar yang digunakan, dimana produksi berkisar antara 1,03 ton/ha hingga 3,66 ton/ha. Keberagaman produksi diakibatkan karena adanya perbedaan gen yang mengendalikan produksi dimasingmasing kultivar, (Mustakim et al 2019).…”