Genetic Diversity and Variation Among Botanical Varieties of Old Portuguese Wheat Cultivars Revealed by ISSR Assays

Abstract

Inter-simple sequence repeats (ISSRs) were used for genetic diversity analyses of an Old Portuguese wheat collection. Eighteen primers produced 96.3 and 98.5% of ISSR polymorphism in bread and durum wheat cultivars, respectively. The unweighted pair group method with arithmetical averages (UPGMA) phenogram clearly split all cultivars based on their species/ploidy, reflecting a defined genetic structure. ISSRs revealed high genetic diversity at interspecific, intraspecific, and intercultivar levels. Thirty-three exclusive ISSR markers were found. Cultivars were clustered according to their botanical varieties and, in a few cases, with their homonym(s). No statistically significant differences were found between genetic diversity parameters of durum and bread wheat, probably due to high intraspecific diversity. Similar analyses were performed among botanical varieties, and their relationships were defined. Cladograms resembled UPGMA clustering. This highly genetically diverse Old wheat collection will be conserved and maintained, and it could be further used in breeding programs to widen the narrow genetic basis of modern wheat varieties and to avoid the loss of rare and unique alleles.

Assessment of genetic diversity of rose genotypes using ISSR markers

“…However, all the primers analyzed in the present study showed a high percentage of polymorphism (99.52%) among the selected rose genotypes of Isparta, regardless of the repeat size of the 15 ISSR primers. In parallel to our study, a high percentage of polymorphism (93.7%) was reported in a genetic diversity study on 33 unrelated rose genotypes based on nine ISSR primers (Carvalho et al, 2009) with dinucleotide repeats. Panwar et al (2015) also reported that ISSR markers with 94% genetic polymorphism have more potential than RAPD markers to discriminate rose cultivars.…”

“…Usually, dinucleotide repeats having primers anchored either at the 3' or 5' end reveal high polymorphism (Joshi et al, 2000). Carvalho et al (2009) reported that dinucleotide primers were more suitable for amplifying ISSRs in bread and durum wheat. However, all the primers analyzed in the present study showed a high percentage of polymorphism (99.52%) among the selected rose genotypes of Isparta, regardless of the repeat size of the 15 ISSR primers.…”

Estimation of Indian and Turkish Hexaploid Wheat Population Structure to be a Part of Improved Breeding Program

“…High annealing temperature contributes significantly towards the elevated reproducibility among ISSR markers as compared to RAPD markers (Bornet and Branchard, 2001;Chowdhury et al, 2002). A number of researchers all over the world estimated genetic diversity/genetic similarity among bread wheat varieties using ISSR markers (Carvalho et al, 2009;Du et al, 2002;Hao et al, 2006;Khan et al, 2014;Najaphy et al, 2011;Rashed et al, 2008). 71 Hence, in present study, the efficacy of RAPD and ISSR markers has been explored in assessing the genetic structure in a collection of Indian and Turkish bread wheat varieties/cultivars and for the identification of genetic relations between the geographical groups.…”

Evaluation of Genetic Diversity in Wheat Cultivars and Breeding Lines using Inter Simple Sequence Repeat Markers

“…Molecular diversity studies evaluate all levels of genetic structure, ranging from relationships between species complex components to the origin of particular genotypes (8). For these purposes, different marker systems such as AFlP (1,21), iSSR (4,20), RAPD (9) and SSR (26) have been used. the inter simple sequence repeat (iSSR) technique is a PcR based method that is highly effective in plant fingerprinting and phylogenetics studies (23).…”