Genetic divergence of the common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) group Carioca using morpho-agronomic traits by multivariate analysis

Abstract

The objective of this study was to evaluate the genetic divergence among the common bean group Carioca by the Tocher method (based on Mahalanobis distance) and graphic dispersion of canonic variables, aiming to identify populations with wide genetic variability. Eighteen genotypes were evaluated in four seasons using a randomized block design with four replications. The mean weight of 100 seeds, in three experiments, and the mean number of pods per plant, in one experiment, were the most important characteristics for the genetic divergence, representing more than 46% of the total variation in the first canonic variable. The first two canonic variables were sufficient to explain about 88.23% of the total variation observed in the average of the four environments. The results showed that CNFC 8008 and CNFC 8009 genotypes presented the best yield averages in all the experiments. While Pérola, Princesa and CNFC 8005 cultivars were the most dissimilar for morpho‐agronomic traits. Therefore, the combinations of Pérola×CNFC 8008, CNFC 8005×CNFC 8009, Pérola×CNFC 8009, Princesa×CNFC 8008 and Princesa×CNFC 8009 were indicated for interpopulational breeding.

Heritability of quantitative traits in segregating common bean families using a Bayesian approach

“…Currently, Brazilian breeding programs mainly focus upon improving grain yield and anthracnose resistance, while the Brazilian level of productivity is still low (Rava et al 1994;Carbonell et al 1999;Campos et al 2004;Ceolin et al 2007). The adoption of resistant cultivars is the most efficient method for controlling anthracnose, but this should be combined with grain yield growth high enough to meet farms' needs.…”

“…The common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is the most widely grown variety in the world (Gaitán-Solís et al 2002). Breeding through hybridization is habitually used in common bean crops in order to obtain segregating populations with high productivity, sufficient levels of genetic variability, and other desirable characteristics (Ceolin et al 2007).…”

Genetic dissimilarity of common bean lines for agronomic and biofortification traits

“…However, when the Tocher cluster analysis was made, using data for each environment, the genotype groups formed were different for each growth environment (Gonçalves Ceolin et al, 2007;Coelho et al, 2010). This occurs because there is a significant genotype x environment interaction for agronomic traits and, consequently, the genotypes performance differs.…”

“…Therefore, the genetic variability observed in the landraces and the genotypes developed for breeding programs requires a more detailed characterization. Genetic dissimilarity and cluster analyses have been widely used to determine the genetic variability of common bean genotypes that have been grown in a given region or country (Bonett et al, 2006;Chiorato et al, 2006;Gonçalves Ceolin et al, 2007;Elias et al, 2007;Barelli et al, 2009;Coelho et al, 2010;Freitas et al, 2011;Blair et al, 2013;Grahic et al, 2013;Gonçalves et al, 2014;Hegay et al, 2014;Sofi et al, 2014). Thus, accession duplicates are identified, and hybrid combinations are planned based on the identification of genotypes with favorable traits for selection.…”

“…The main clustering methods used to identify similarities and differences among common bean genotypes are principal components (Freitas et al, 2011;Blair et al, 2013;Grahic et al, 2013;Hegay et al, 2014;Sofi et al, 2014) and the Tocher optimization method (Bonett et al, 2006;Gonçalves Ceolin et al, 2007;Elias et al, 2007;Barelli et al, 2009;Coelho et al, 2010;Gonçalves et al, 2014). Genetic dissimilarity of common bean genotypes has been evaluated by agronomic descriptors (Bonett et al, 2006;Barelli et al, 2009;Freitas et al, 2011;Hegay et al, 2014;Sofi et al, 2014) and seed characteristics (Blair et al, 2013;Grahic et al, 2013;Gonçalves et al, 2014).…”