Genetic Characterization of Fungal Biodiversity in Storage Grains: Towards Enhancing Food Safety in Northern Uganda

Wokorach, Godfrey; Landschoot, Sofie; Audenaert, Kris; Echodu, Richard; Haesaert, Geert

doi:10.3390/microorganisms9020383

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…In Botswana, traditional malt, wort, and beer samples were collected from three villages around Gaborone and analysed for fumonisins and other mycotoxins. Of the 46 malt samples, fumonisin B 1 was detected in three with concentrations ranging from 47 to 1316 µg kg −1 [81]. In a survey of sorghum, peanut butter, and pulses in Botswana, FB 1 was detected in 36% of the food and feed samples collected.…”

Section: Fumonisins In Southern African Countriesmentioning

confidence: 98%

Fumonisins in African Countries

Yli-Mattila

Sundheim

2022

Toxins

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Maize and other cereals are the commodities most contaminated with fumonisins. The maize acreage is increasing in Africa, and the maize harvest provides important foods for humans and feeds for domestic animals throughout the continent. In North Africa, high levels of fumonisins have been reported from Algeria and Morocco, while low levels have been detected in the rather few fumonisin analyses reported from Tunisia and Egypt. The West African countries Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Ghana, and Nigeria all report high levels of fumonisin contamination of maize, while the few maize samples analysed in Togo contain low levels. In Eastern Africa, high levels of fumonisin contamination have been reported from the Democratic Republic of Congo, Ethiopia, Kenya, Tanzania, and Uganda. The samples analysed from Rwanda contained low levels of fumonisins. Analysis of maize from the Southern African countries Malawi, Namibia, South Africa, Zambia, and Zimbabwe revealed high fumonisin levels, while low levels of fumonisins were detected in the few analyses of maize from Botswana and Mozambique.

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Section: Fumonisins In Southern African Countriesmentioning

confidence: 98%

Fumonisins in African Countries

Yli-Mattila

Sundheim

2022

Toxins

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“…Recently in Africa, the occurrence of mycotoxigenic Fusarium species has gained widespread attention. In Uganda and Angola,Wokorach et al (2021) and Alaro (2021) respectively evaluated maize kernels for Fusarium spp. infestation and reported a high incidence of F. verticillioides.…”

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confidence: 99%

Mycotoxigenic Fusarium species and zearalenone concentration in commercial maize kernels in northern Ghana

Opoku,

Hudu,

Addy

2023

Preprint

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The fungal genus Fusarium contains many toxigenic pathogens of maize with associated yield losses, reduction of grain quality, and accumulation of mycotoxins in harvested grains. To determine zearalenone (ZEN) concentration and identify the various Fusarium species in commercial maize grains, a survey of 75 maize samples, collected from 11 market centres in the five regions in northern Ghana was identified based on morphological characteristics, sequence analysis of the internal transcribed spacer region, and polymerase chain reaction using species-specific primers. ZEN levels were determined using HPLC. ZEN contamination was recorded in 33.3% of the maize samples, with concentrations ranging from 0.61 ng/g to 3.05 ng/g. F. verticillioides was the most prevalent species in the studied samples: 42.2% from the Upper East Region, 28.1% from the North East Region, 18.8% from the Upper West Region, 9.4% from the Savannah Region, and 1.6% for the Northern Region. Other fungal species found were F. equiseti and F. solani. A higher number of the Fusarium isolates were found in white maize (609 isolates from 27 samples) compared to yellow maize (225 isolates from 23 samples).

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Zearalenone contamination in maize, its associated producing fungi, control strategies, and legislation in Sub‐Saharan Africa

Hudu,

Addy,

Mahunu

et al. 2024

Food Science & Nutrition

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The fungal genus Fusarium contains many important plant pathogens as well as endophytes of wild and crop plants. Globally, Fusarium toxins in food crops are considered one of the greatest food safety concerns. Their occurrence has become more pronounced in Africa in recent times. Among the major Fusarium mycotoxins with food and feed safety concerns, zearalenone is frequently detected in finished feeds and cereals in Africa. However, the impact of indigenous agricultural practices (pre‐ and postharvest factors) and food processing techniques on the prevalence rate of Fusarium species and zearalenone occurrence in food and feed have not been collated and documented systematically. This review studies and analyzes recent reports on zearalenone contamination in maize and other cereal products from Africa, including its fungi producers, agronomic and climate variables impacting their occurrences, preventive measures, removal/decontamination methods, and legislations regulating their limits. Reports from relevant studies demonstrated a high prevalence of F. verticillioides and F. graminearum as Africa's main producers of zearalenone. Elevated CO2 concentration and high precipitation may carry along an increased risk of zearalenone contamination in maize. African indigenous processing methods may contribute to reduced ZEA levels in agricultural products and foods. Most African countries do not know their zearalenone status in the food supply chain and they have limited regulations that control its occurrence.

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Genetic Characterization of Fungal Biodiversity in Storage Grains: Towards Enhancing Food Safety in Northern Uganda

Cited by 6 publications

References 56 publications

Fumonisins in African Countries

Fumonisins in African Countries

Mycotoxigenic Fusarium species and zearalenone concentration in commercial maize kernels in northern Ghana

Zearalenone contamination in maize, its associated producing fungi, control strategies, and legislation in Sub‐Saharan Africa

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