Genetic and morphological evidence for reproductive isolation between sympatric populations of Galaxias (Teleostei: Galaxiidae) in South Island, New Zealand

Waters, Jonathan M.; Esa, Yuzine; Wallis, Graham P.

doi:10.1111/j.1095-8312.2001.tb01364.x

Cited by 42 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Phenotypic diversity in an ecosystem can be coupled to genotypic diversity (Hindar et al 1986, Hynes et al 1996, Waters et al 2001) when populations from specific genotypes and phenotypes immigrate in a region or when a basic lineage differentiates into sublineages. Phenotype variability not coupled with genotype variability occurs when populations adapt morphologically to different environmental conditions (Cresko & Baker 1996, Dimmick et al 2001, Moore & Bronte 2002.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in Phenotype and Genotype of Austrian Salmo trutta Populations during the Last Century

Lahnsteiner¹,

Jagsch²

2005

Environ Biol Fish

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SynopsisWe studied the phenotype and genotype of Austrian wild and hatchery Salmo trutta populations and compared with museum samples from the 19th century (1863-1909) using morphometric and genetic (RFLP of mtDNA) markers. We found significant differences between the populations from the 19th century, the current wild populations, and the hatchery populations in morphometric parameters (mainly shape of pectoral, ventral and anal fins) and the RFLP pattern of mtDNA. We could not find the typical phenotypes and genotypes from the 19th century in either of the current populations. This phenotypic and genotypic replacement is considered to be due to anthropogenic activities.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in Phenotype and Genotype of Austrian Salmo trutta Populations during the Last Century

Lahnsteiner¹,

Jagsch²

2005

Environ Biol Fish

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“…The first site (site 1, downstream; allotopic) consisted predominantly of G. 'southern', the second site (site 2, midstream; syntopic) contained roughly even numbers of G. 'southern' and G. gollumoides and the third site (site 3, upstream; allotopic) contained predominantly G. gollumoides. The allotopic sites were classified as a collection that comprised at least 86% of a single species, which was based on previous mean maximum frequency findings (Waters et al, 2001b). All remaining sites were classified as syntopic.…”

Section: Field Componentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In cases of disagreement (two fish), fish were reassessed until a species could be agreed upon. Species groups were then checked for congruence with mtDNA data by allocating fish to one of the two clades already identified [for methods see Waters et al (2001b)]. Analyses were rerun for any discrepancies between morphological classifications and mtDNA grouping.…”

Section: Field Componentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…South Island of New Zealand houses several lineages of closely related stream-resident fishes in the family Galaxiidae (Allibone et al, 1996;Waters, Esa & Wallis, 2001b;Waters & Wallis, 2001), which have previously shown potential interspecific competition (McDowall & Allibone, 1994;Allibone, 1999). These fishes exist largely as parapatric replacements across South Island (McDowall, 2000;Waters et al, 2001a), but in the far south (Southland), Galaxias 'southern' and G. gollumoides are broadly sympatric (Waters et al, 2001b;Burridge et al, 2008). Southland streams tend to have one or other of these species, but the two quite often co-occur (Waters et al, 2001b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These fishes exist largely as parapatric replacements across South Island (McDowall, 2000;Waters et al, 2001a), but in the far south (Southland), Galaxias 'southern' and G. gollumoides are broadly sympatric (Waters et al, 2001b;Burridge et al, 2008). Southland streams tend to have one or other of these species, but the two quite often co-occur (Waters et al, 2001b). Lower sections of these streams tend to possess G. 'southern' in allotopy (predominantly one species), upper sections tend to have allotopic G. gollumoides, with intervening sections showing syntopy for the two species.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Niche partitioning and the effect of interspecific competition on microhabitat use by two sympatric galaxiid stream fishes

et al. 2010

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1. Numerous interacting abiotic and biotic factors influence niche use and assemblage structure of freshwater fishes, but the strength of each factor changes with spatial scale. Few studies have examined the role of interspecific competition in structuring stream fish assemblages across spatial scales. We used field and laboratory approaches to examine microhabitat partitioning and the effect of interspecific competition on microhabitat use in two sympatric stream fishes (Galaxias 'southern' and Galaxias gollumoides) at large (among streams and among sites within streams) and small (within artificial stream channels) spatial scales. 2. Diurnal microhabitat partitioning and interspecific competition at large spatial scales were analysed among three sympatry streams (streams with allotopic and syntopic sites; three separate catchments) and four allopatry streams (streams with only allotopic sites; two separate catchments). Electro-fishing was used to sample habitat use of fishes at 30 random points within each site by quantifying four variables for each individual: water velocity, depth, distance to nearest cover and substratum size. Habitat availability was then quantified for each site by measuring those variables at each of 50 random points. Diet and stable isotope partitioning was analysed from syntopic sites only. Diel cycles of microhabitat use and interspecific competition at small spatial scales were examined by monitoring water velocity use over 48 h in artificial stream channels for three treatments: (i) allopatric G. 'southern' (10 G. 'southern'); (ii) allopatric G. gollumoides (10 G. gollumoides) and (iii) sympatry (five individuals of each species). 3. One hundred and ninety-four G. 'southern' and 239 G. gollumoides were sampled across all seven streams, and habitat availability between the two species was similar among all sites. Galaxias 'southern' utilised faster water velocities than G. gollumoides in both the field and in channel experiments. Both species utilised faster water velocities in channels at night than during the day. Diet differences were observed and were supported by isotopic differences (two of three sites). No interspecific differences were observed for the other three microhabitat variables in the field, and multivariate habitat selection did not differ between species. Interspecific competition had no effect on microhabitat use of either species against any variable either in the field (large scale) or in channels (small scale). 4. The results suggest that niche partitioning occurs along a subset of microhabitat variables (water velocity use and diet). Interspecific competition does not appear to be a major biotic factor controlling microhabitat use by these sympatric taxa at any spatial scale.

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A Preliminary Transcriptomic Study of Galaxiid Fishes Reveals a Larval Glycoprotein Gene Under Strong Positive Selection

Wallis

2014

Evolutionary Biology: Genome Evolution, Speciation, Coevolution and Origin of Life

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We describe protein sequences for a uromodulin-like larval glycoprotein (LGP) from 21 species of galaxiid fishes, with a MRCA about 30 Ma. These have been derived from both genomic DNA and cDNA, by conventional and Roche 454 sequencing.LGP shows a fast rate of evolution and an exceptionally strong signal of positive selection over the entire coding region, as evidenced byAcross all sequences, 182/336 (54 %) of residues are variable; many substitutions are profound/nonconservative and include in-frame indels. Genetic distances are, on average, 2.4x larger for coding region (996 bp) than introns (1459 bp).Our initial in situ work shows that the gene is active in developing skin and gill arches, which are likely conduits for pathogens. As ZP-domain proteins have been recently categorized as members of the immunoglobulin superfamily, we believe it is likely that LGP is an immune protein, and that these fishes are engaged in a Red Queen arms race.

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Genetic and morphological evidence for reproductive isolation between sympatric populations of Galaxias (Teleostei: Galaxiidae) in South Island, New Zealand

Cited by 42 publications

References 46 publications

Changes in Phenotype and Genotype of Austrian Salmo trutta Populations during the Last Century

Changes in Phenotype and Genotype of Austrian Salmo trutta Populations during the Last Century

Niche partitioning and the effect of interspecific competition on microhabitat use by two sympatric galaxiid stream fishes

A Preliminary Transcriptomic Study of Galaxiid Fishes Reveals a Larval Glycoprotein Gene Under Strong Positive Selection

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