Genetic and Environmental Risk Indicators in Canine Non‐Hodgkin's Lymphomas: Breed Associations and Geographic Distribution of 608 Cases Diagnosed throughout France over 1 Year

Abstract

Background: The etiology of non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHL) is multifactorial. Environmental and genetic factors are frequently incriminated both in humans and dogs.Objectives: Our purpose was to study the geographic distribution of canine NHL (CNHL) in France and to evaluate genetic and environmental influences.Animals: Six hundred and eight cases of CNHL, diagnosed throughout France over 1 year, were collected from 7 Veterinary Histopathologic Laboratories.Methods: Retrospective study. Breeds affected by lymphomas were compared with the national population and associations between breed and immunophenotype were studied. The distribution of CNHL and canine T-cell NHL per 100,000 dogs per department was compared with the distribution of waste incinerators, polluted sites, and radioactive waste.Results: The breeds significantly overrepresented among lymphoma cases were Boxer, Setter, and Cocker Spaniel (P o .001). There was a significant association between Boxer and T-cell NHL (P o .001), and between German Shepherd and Rottweiler and B-cell NHL (P o .01). The geographic distribution of CNHL and canine T-cell NHL indicated significant heterogeneity. Significant association between distributions of CNHL and waste incinerators (r 5 0.25, P o .05), polluted sites (r 5 0.36, P o .001), and radioactive waste (r 5 0.51, P o .001) was found.Conclusions and Clinical Importance: Influence of genetics in the development of CNHL was supported by the existence of an association between breed and immunophenotype. Waste incinerators, polluted sites, and radioactive waste could just be considered as risk indicators of CNHL, but not as risk factors. Case-control studies around critical sites are necessary to confirm the implication of those environmental factors in the development of CNHL.

Epidemiological, clinical and immunohistochemical aspects of canine lymphoma in the region of Porto Alegre, Brazil

“…Pastor et al (2009) and Ponce et al (2010) documented a significant overrepresentation of Boxers with T-cell lymphomas; however, the Boxer in this study had a B-cell lymphoma. Pastor et al (2009) also reported that German Shepherds and Rottweilers are predisposed to B-cell lymphomas; our results seem to support this observation, as all dogs of these breeds had the B-cell phenotype.…”

“…Some small breeds that frequently experience lymphoma include the Poodle and Scottish Terrier (MacEwen et al 1987, Dobson et al 2001, which were represented in this study. However, excluding the mixed breed animals, 59% of the dogs in this study were large breed, including the most frequently diagnosed Boxer, Rottweiler and German Shepherd (Dobson et al 2001, Pastor et al 2009). Pastor et al (2009) and Ponce et al (2010) documented a significant overrepresentation of Boxers with T-cell lymphomas; however, the Boxer in this study had a B-cell lymphoma.…”

“…However, excluding the mixed breed animals, 59% of the dogs in this study were large breed, including the most frequently diagnosed Boxer, Rottweiler and German Shepherd (Dobson et al 2001, Pastor et al 2009). Pastor et al (2009) and Ponce et al (2010) documented a significant overrepresentation of Boxers with T-cell lymphomas; however, the Boxer in this study had a B-cell lymphoma. Pastor et al (2009) also reported that German Shepherds and Rottweilers are predisposed to B-cell lymphomas; our results seem to support this observation, as all dogs of these breeds had the B-cell phenotype.…”

Practical aspects of immunocytochemistry in canine lymphomas

“…Observed differences may be the result of the small number of dogs examined, or the fact that most of the dogs included in the study could be predisposed to B cell lymphoma development. Recent epidemiological research conducted on dogs from France indicated a clear predisposition of boxer dogs for T cell lymphoma development and German shepherd and rottweiler for B cell lymphomas (Pastor et al 2009). Although the present study does not include the epidemiological aspect, it at least partially supports the French authors observation, since in all boxers examined only T cell lymphomas were recognized (4 cases -33.3% of all T cell lymphomas) and in all German shepherds (3 cases -7.1% of all B cell lymphomas) only B cell lymphomas were recognized.…”

Linfoma difuso de células B rico en células T en un canino: Reporte de caso

“…Esta neoplasia se presenta en caninos, comúnmente entre los 6 a 12 años de edad, sin diferencias entre sexos 1,4,5 , siendo la alteración linfoproliferativa de mayor incidencia en pequeños animales 6 .…”