Genesis of collision volcanism in Eastern Anatolia, Turkey

Pearce, Julian A.; Bender, John F.; Long, Shiyu; Kidd, William; Low, P.J.; Güner, Y.; Şaroğlu, Fuat; Yïlmaz, Yücel; Moorbath, S.; Mitchell, J. G.

doi:10.1016/0377-0273(90)90018-b

Cited by 668 publications

(506 citation statements)

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“…In eastern Anatolia, the late Miocene-Quaternary volcanism shows a similar evolution to the west Anatolian-Aegean magmatic province, with a southward migration of volcanism whose composition evolves from high-K calc-alkaline to alkaline (figures 8t-y) [Pearce et al, 1990;Keskin, 2003]. However, since the Miocene, no significant crustal thinning is observed in this region that is instead supported by an ~45 km thick crust supporting a 2 km high plateau [Dewey et al, 1986;Şengör et al, 2003].…”

Section: Modulation Of Magmatic Evolution By Slab Tearing and Mantle mentioning

confidence: 83%

“…In eastern Anatolia, late Miocene-Quaternary volcanism developed progressively southward from the eastern Pontides to the Arabian foreland basin (figure 5) [Pearce et al, 1990;Keskin, 2003Keskin, , 2007. The magmatic trend of these volcanics evolves from high-K calc-alkaline in the north to alkaline in the south with a composition ranging from basalt to rhyolite [Keskin, 2003].…”

Section: The Late Miocene-quaternary Eastern Anatolia Volcanic Provincementioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the middle-late Miocene, the ongoing collision of Arabia with Eurasia along the Bitlis belt (figures 8r-w) is associated with the uplift of eastern Anatolia [Dewey et al, 1986;Şengör et al, 2003;Okay et al, 2010b] and the development of a wide magmatic province [Pearce et al, 1990;Keskin, 2003Keskin, , 2007. About 12 Ma ago, the whole Anatolide-Tauride block started to move westward, mostly accommodated by the dextral strike-slip NAF that propagated throughout the Pontides and reached the Dardanelle Strait 6-5 Ma ago (figures 8t-w) [Armijo et al, 1999;Şengör et al, 2005;Melinte-Dobrinescu et al, 2009].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Kinematic reconstructions and magmatic evolution illuminating crustal and mantle dynamics of the eastern Mediterranean region since the late Cretaceous

2016

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Section: Modulation Of Magmatic Evolution By Slab Tearing and Mantle mentioning

confidence: 83%

Section: The Late Miocene-quaternary Eastern Anatolia Volcanic Provincementioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Kinematic reconstructions and magmatic evolution illuminating crustal and mantle dynamics of the eastern Mediterranean region since the late Cretaceous

2016

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“…To the north and west of Lake Van, the exposed geology is predominantly composed of Quaternary and Neogene volcanics (Pearce et al 1990). To the south of Lake Van, the Bitlis mountains rise to ∼3500 m, and are comprised of Palaeozoic and Mesozoic metamorphic and ophiolitic lithologies.…”

Section: Geological Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seismotectonics and rupture process of theM_W 7.1 2011 Van reverse-faulting earthquake, eastern Turkey, and implications for hazard in regions of distributed shortening

Mackenzie¹,

Elliott²,

Altunel

et al. 2016

Geophys. J. Int.

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S U M M A R YThe 2011 October 23 M W 7.1 Van earthquake in eastern Turkey caused ∼600 deaths and caused widespread damage and economic loss. The seismogenic rupture was restricted to 10-25 km in depth, but aseismic surface creep, coincident with outcrop fault exposures, was observed in the hours to months after the earthquake. We combine observations from radar interferometry, seismology, geomorphology and Quaternary dating to investigate the geological slip rate and seismotectonic context of the Van earthquake, and assess the implications for continuing seismic hazard in the region. Transient post-seismic slip on the upper Van fault started immediately following the earthquake, and decayed over a period of weeks; it may not fully account for our long-term surface slip-rate estimate of ≥0.5 mm yr −1 . Post-seismic slip on the Bostaniçi splay fault initiated several days to weeks after the main shock, and we infer that it may have followed the M W 5.9 aftershock on the 9th November. The Van earthquake shows that updip segmentation can be important in arresting seismic ruptures on dip-slip faults. Two large, shallow aftershocks show that the upper 10 km of crust can sustain significant earthquakes, and significant slip is observed to have reached the surface in the late Quaternary, so there may be a continuing seismic hazard from the upper Van fault and the associated splay. The wavelength of folding in the hanging wall of the Van fault is dominated by the structure in the upper 10 km of the crust, masking the effect of deeper seismogenic structures. Thus, models of subsurface faulting based solely on surface folding and faulting in regions of reverse faulting may underestimate the full depth extent of seismogenic structures in the region. In measuring the cumulative post-seismic offsets to anthropogenic structures, we show that Structure-from-Motion can be rapidly deployed to create snapshots of postseismic displacement. We also demonstrate the utility of declassified Corona mission imagery (1960s-1970s) for geomorphic mapping in areas where recent urbanization has concealed the geomorphic markers.

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“…Our source models show slip extending to depths of 20 km. The Turkish-Iranian Plateau is a region of intense volcanic activity [Pearce et al, 1990], and the long-wavelength positive free-air gravity anomaly in the region [Lemoine, 1996] suggests this activity may be related to mantle circulation. The high geothermal gradients associated with the volcanism therefore imply that earthquakes are only likely to occur down to depths of less than 10-15 km, as observed in most other mountain ranges [Molnar and Lyon-Caen, 1989;Nissen et al, 2011].…”

Section: Tectonics Of the Turkish-iranian Plateaumentioning

confidence: 99%

The 2011 Mw 7.1 Van (Eastern Turkey) earthquake

Elliott

Copley

Holley³

et al. 2013

JGR Solid Earth

100

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[1] We use interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR), body wave seismology, satellite imagery, and field observations to constrain the fault parameters of the M w 7.1 2011 Van (Eastern Turkey) reverse-slip earthquake, in the Turkish-Iranian plateau. Distributed slip models from elastic dislocation modeling of the InSAR surface displacements from ENVISAT and COSMO-SkyMed interferograms indicate up to 9 m of reverse and oblique slip on a pair of en echelon NW 40°-54°dipping fault planes which have surface extensions projecting to just 10 km north of the city of Van. The slip remained buried and is relatively deep, with a centroid depth of 14 km, and the rupture reaching only within 8-9 km of the surface, consistent with the lack of significant ground rupture. The up-dip extension of this modeled WSW striking fault plane coincides with field observations of weak ground deformation seen on the western of the two fault segments and has a dip consistent with that seen at the surface in fault gouge exposed in Quaternary sediments. No significant coseismic slip is found in the upper 8 km of the crust above the main slip patches, except for a small region on the eastern segment potentially resulting from the M w 5.9 aftershock on the same day. We perform extensive resolution tests on the data to confirm the robustness of the observed slip deficit in the shallow crust. We resolve a steep gradient in displacement at the point where the planes of the two fault segments ends are inferred to abut at depth, possibly exerting some structural control on rupture extent.

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Genesis of collision volcanism in Eastern Anatolia, Turkey

Cited by 668 publications

References 45 publications

Kinematic reconstructions and magmatic evolution illuminating crustal and mantle dynamics of the eastern Mediterranean region since the late Cretaceous

Kinematic reconstructions and magmatic evolution illuminating crustal and mantle dynamics of the eastern Mediterranean region since the late Cretaceous

Seismotectonics and rupture process of theM_W 7.1 2011 Van reverse-faulting earthquake, eastern Turkey, and implications for hazard in regions of distributed shortening

The 2011 Mw 7.1 Van (Eastern Turkey) earthquake

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Genesis of collision volcanism in Eastern Anatolia, Turkey

Cited by 668 publications

References 45 publications

Kinematic reconstructions and magmatic evolution illuminating crustal and mantle dynamics of the eastern Mediterranean region since the late Cretaceous

Kinematic reconstructions and magmatic evolution illuminating crustal and mantle dynamics of the eastern Mediterranean region since the late Cretaceous

Seismotectonics and rupture process of theMW 7.1 2011 Van reverse-faulting earthquake, eastern Turkey, and implications for hazard in regions of distributed shortening

The 2011 Mw 7.1 Van (Eastern Turkey) earthquake

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Seismotectonics and rupture process of theM_W 7.1 2011 Van reverse-faulting earthquake, eastern Turkey, and implications for hazard in regions of distributed shortening