Generating tsunami risk knowledge at community level as a base for planning and implementation of risk reduction strategies

Abstract

Abstract. More than 4 million Indonesians live in tsunamiprone areas along the southern and western coasts of Sumatra, Java and Bali. Although a Tsunami Early Warning Center in Jakarta now exists, installed after the devastating 2004 tsunami, it is essential to develop tsunami risk knowledge within the exposed communities as a basis for tsunami disaster management. These communities need to implement risk reduction strategies to mitigate potential consequences.The major aims of this paper are to present a risk assessment methodology which (1) identifies areas of high tsunami risk in terms of potential loss of life, (2) bridges the gaps between research and practical application, and (3) can be implemented at community level. High risk areas have a great need for action to improve people's response capabilities towards a disaster, thus reducing the risk. The methodology developed here is based on a GIS approach and combines hazard probability, hazard intensity, population density and people's response capability to assess the risk.Within the framework of the GITEWS (GermanIndonesian Tsunami Early Warning System) project, the methodology was applied to three pilot areas, one of which is southern Bali. Bali's tourism is concentrated for a great part in the communities of Kuta, Legian and Seminyak. Here alone, about 20 000 people live in high and very high tsunami risk areas. The development of risk reduction strategies is therefore of significant interest. A risk map produced for the study area in Bali can be used for local planning activities and the development of risk reduction strategies.

Dynamic population mapping using mobile phone data

“…Modeling techniques that spatially downscale population numbers into gridded datasets continue to be refined, with basic dasymetric models increasing in sophistication, incorporating multiscale remotely sensed and geospatial data and making improvements in the type of statistical algorithms used in the modeling process (19)(20)(21). These detailed population databases have proven crucial for studies reliant on information about human population distributions, typically for calculating populations at risk for human or natural disasters (22)(23)(24), to assess vulnerabilities (7,25), or to derive health and development indicators (3,5,26,27). However, despite improvements, these data still have many limitations.…”

Post-Tsunami Hazard

“…10.6 ). This concept was developed by following Strunz et al ( 2011 ) andWegscheider et al ( 2011 ), who estimated the risk of being affected by tsunamis as the ratio the number of tsunami scenarios that affect an area to the total number of simulated cases. We improved their GIS model not only to estimate Fig.…”

Affiliate Members Global Report, Volume 11 – Public-Private Partnerships: Tourism Development

“…More than four million Indonesians live in tsunami-prone areas along the Southern and Western coasts of Sumatra, Java, and Bali but few Indonesian communities in tsunami-prone areas are prepared fully for the kind of low frequency but high-impact tsunami disasters (Wegscheider et al, 2011 Research has shown that a tsunami warning system and a crisis management plan have been used as effective marketing tools in motivating tourists to visit tsunami-hit destinations in Thailand (Rittichainuwat, 2013). Specifically, international tourists at tsunami-hit beach resorts value the existence of a tsunami warning system, crisis management planning and evacuation system announcements in their language or a major international language (Rittichainuwat and Chakraborty, 2012 …”