Gene expression of glycyrrhizin acid and accumulation of endogenous signaling molecule in Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch adventitious roots after Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Meyerozyma guilliermondii applications

Abstract

This study reports the best culture conditions for roots growth and accumulation of active components by optimizing the parameters. Glycyrrhiza uralensis adventitious roots metabolites were significantly increased after adding Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Meyerozyma guilliermondii. The highest contents of polysaccharide, glycyrrhizic acid, glycyrrhetinic acid, and total flavonoids were obtained in M. guilliermondii group; the content of glycyrrhizic acid was 5.3-fold higher than the control. In control and treatment groups, 12 compounds were identified by high-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI-MS/MS), among which some new compounds have been detected in elicitor groups including 5,7-dihydroxyflavanone, glycyrrhisoflavanone, licorice saponin J2, uralsaponin B, (3R)-vestitol, and uralenol. Meyerozyma guilliermondii significantly upregulated the expression of the genes such as 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase, farnesyl diphosphate synthase, geranyl diphosphate synthase, squalene synthase, squalene epoxidase, β-amyrin synthase, and CYP88D6 and CYP72A154. Meanwhile, it increased the biosynthesis of signaling molecules (nitric oxide, salicylic acid, and jasmonic acid) in defense mechanism.

Bacillus pumilus improved drought tolerance in Glycyrrhiza uralensis G5 seedlings through enhancing primary and secondary metabolisms

“…Interestingly, this effect could be partly reversed by B. pumilus G5 inoculation (Figures 1 and 2, Table 2), which is consistent with the previous findings on Trigonella foenum‐graecum (Jasim et al ., 2015) and Cicer arietinum L. (Liu et al . , 2017). We also observed that the beneficial effects of B. pumilus G5 inoculation on the growth and biomass of G. uralensis seedlings were lesser under normal conditions than under drought stress conditions, which may be attributed to that B. pumilus G5 inoculation can greatly improve water status in the continuous process of water loss and rehydration under drought stress condition (Zhang et al .…”

“…Bacillus pumilus , a kind of PGB that can be isolated from different plants, alleviated various abiotic stresses in plants (Jha and Subramanian, 2013; Khan and Sirajuddin, 2016; Sirajuddin et al ., 2016). To our knowledge, there are few reports demonstrating the role of PGB in alleviating drought stress in G. uralensis plants (Li et al ., 2017).…”

Root-associated endophytic fungal community composition and structure of three medicinal licorices in Xinjiang

“…We speculate that this is related to the expressions of some functional genes that are closely associated with the content of bioactive compounds including glycyrrhizic acid and liquiritin in root of licorice species. Some studies [64][65][66] have shown that key functional genes, such as chalcone synthase gene, 3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutary CoA reductase (HMGR) and squalene synthase (SQS), are involved in transcriptional level regulation process in glycyrrhizic acid and liquiritin biosynthesis. Although further studies are required to characterize the expression of functional genes of bioactive compounds, this study provides a theoretical basis for the development of strategies to expand the Glycyrrhiza uralensis cultivation.…”

Enhancement of neuroprotective activity of Sagunja-tang by fermentation with lactobacillus strains

“…Glycyrrhizin is metabolized to glycyrrhizic acid, a major physiologically active ingredient, by β-D-glucuronidase in vivo [ 26 ]. The carboxyl group in glycyrrhizin is representative of the acidic substances produced by Lactobacillus strains during fermentation in a reduced pH environment [ 27 ]. In our previous study, conversion from liquiritin to liquiritigenin and an increase in glycyrrhizin contents caused by Lactobacillus bacteria was observed in fermented Yijin-tang, a traditional prescription [ 28 ].…”