Gender implications of forest product value chains in the Congo basin

Ingram, V.J.; Schure, Jolien; Tieguhong, Julius Chupezi; Ndoye, O.; Awono, A.; Iponga, Donald Midoko

doi:10.1080/14728028.2014.887610

Cited by 46 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…The differences between men and women in knowledge, access, and use of forests have long been recognized (Meinzen-Dick et al 1997, Rocheleau and Edmunds 1997, Mwangi et al 2011, Ingram et al 2014, Sunderland et al 2014. This gender disparity is due to the unequal power relations between men and women.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gendered forests: exploring gender dimensions in forest governance and REDD+ in Équateur Province, Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC)

Samndong¹,

Kjosavik²

2017

E&S

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ABSTRACT. In this study we analyze gender relations legitimatized by socio-political institutions of forest governance in REDD+ pilots in Équateur Province of the Democratic Republic of Congo. Using data from interviews, focus group discussions, and field observations, we show that men and women have different knowledge and use of forests, but these differences are not given due consideration in forest governance. Women's voices are often muted in decision-making arenas and they occupy only a nominal position in both forestry and development initiatives as compared with men. This status quo is extended to the REDD+ pilot projects as well. Women have limited information about REDD+ compared with men. The mechanisms used to establish new village organization for REDD+ exclude women from decision making in the ongoing REDD+ pilot project. We show that women's bargaining power for equal inclusion in decision-making processes and for sharing benefits are constrained by existing social norms regarding local access to land and material resources, existing gender division of labor, local perceptions regarding women's roles and contributions/ responsibilities, as well as men's dominant position in rural settings. For a gender transformative REDD+, we suggest that REDD+ actors should attempt to bring about institutional changes that transform gender relations and thereby increase women's bargaining power.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gendered forests: exploring gender dimensions in forest governance and REDD+ in Équateur Province, Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC)

Samndong¹,

Kjosavik²

2017

E&S

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“…Bussoni et al, 2015), disaggregate by gender (cf. Ingram et al, 2014), and even incorporate a spatial view (cf. Sunderlin et al, 2008).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impacts of land use and land use changes on the resilience of beekeeping in Uruguay

Malkamäki

Toppinen

Kanninen

2016

Forest Policy and Economics

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We use a social-ecological systems framework and interview data from key informants to analyze the threshold dynamics underpinning the resilience of the local beekeeping sector, amidst changes in land use (management) and land use changes (conversions) that result from the expansions of the soy and eucalypt frontiers in Uruguay.Our results indicate that while agriculture began displacing grasslands that originally provided high yields of honey, afforestation now compensates those losses through the flowerings of Eucalyptus grandis. By extending the flowering season from six to eight months, beekeepers' dependency on tree plantations has increased. However, forestry enterprises are now shifting to plant more productive species that do not flower similarly, anticipating a threshold crossover to which the beekeepers may be unable to adapt. In conclusion, resilience of this environmentally sensitive livelihood has been suppressed primarily by land use changes that have introduced new costs and challenges into honey production. However, threshold dynamics that appear as multifaceted challenges faced by beekeepers occur also elsewhere in the system. Certain outcomes of the threshold dynamics similar to feedback loops in social-ecological systems were identified, including considerations of out-migration and change in occupation, of which ultimate impacts remain unclear. Most beekeepers still cope with the remaining viability, but it appears that the current resilience level does not allow for further harmful impacts. This case example of coupled social and ecological interactions through a livelihood lens gives rise to future research in evolving new dimensions to govern social-ecological systems in Uruguay and beyond.

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“…In contrast to subsistence firewood collection, traditionally handled by women and children, charcoal production is mainly an activity undertaken by men (Ingram et al, 2014), although the growing participation of women has been reported in some locations, such as in Zambia and northern Tanzania (Butz, 2013;Gumbo et al, 2013). Who benefits most from production depends on the specific context (Butz, 2013;Khundi et al, 2011;Schure et al, 2014;Zulu and Richardson, 2013). Charcoal production provides a good illustration of some of the dilemmas for intervention in NTFP harvest and trade since it is often based on unsustainable practices that are sometimes illegal (Mwampamba et al, 2013).…”

Section: Income and Other Livelihood Opportunitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

1. Forests, Trees and Landscapes for Food Security and Nutrition

Vira¹,

Agarwal²,

Jamnadass³

et al. 2015

Forests and Food: Addressing Hunger and Nutrition Across Sustainable Landscapes

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PrefaceConnecting the dots W ith the establishment of the Global Forest Expert Panels (GFEP) initiative in the year 2007, the Collaborative Partnership on Forests (CPF) created an international mechanism which effectively links scientific knowledge with political decision-making on forests. The GFEP responds directly to key forest-related policy questions by consolidating available scientific knowledge and expertise on these questions at a global level. It provides decision-makers with the most relevant, objective and accurate information, and thus makes an essential contribution to international forest governance.This report entitled "Forests, Trees and Landscapes for Food Security and Nutrition" presents the results of the fourth global scientific assessment undertaken so far in the framework of GFEP. Previous assessments addressed the adaptation of forests and people to climate change; international forest governance; and the relationship between biodiversity, carbon, forests and people. All assessment reports were prepared by internationally recognised scientists from a variety of biophysical and social science disciplines. They have all been presented to decision-makers across relevant international policy fora. In this way, GFEP supports a more coherent policy dialogue about the role of forests in addressing broader environmental, social and economic challenges.The current report reflects the importance of policy coherence and integration more than any previous GFEP assessment. It comes at a time when the United Nations General Assembly seeks to adopt a set of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) which build upon the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) and converge with the post-2015 development agenda. In this context, the eradication of hunger, realisation of food security and the improvement of nutrition are of particular relevance. By 2050, the international community will face the challenge of providing 9 billion people with food, shelter and energy. Despite impressive productivity increases, there is growing evidence that conventional agricultural strategies will fall short of eliminating global hunger and malnutrition. The assessment report in hand provides comprehensive scientific evidence on how forests, trees and landscapes can be -and must be -an integral part of the solution to this global problem. In other words, we must connect the dots and see the bigger picture.The review of the International Arrangement on Forests by the member states of the United Nations Forum on Forests provides a unique opportunity to integrate forests into the SDGs in a holistic manner and to promote synergies in the implementation of the post-2015 development agenda across multiple levels of governance. It is my hope that those with a responsibility for forests, food security and nutrition at all levels will find this report, and its accompanying policy brief, a useful source of information and inspiration.

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Gender implications of forest product value chains in the Congo basin

Cited by 46 publications

References 19 publications

Gendered forests: exploring gender dimensions in forest governance and REDD+ in Équateur Province, Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC)

Gendered forests: exploring gender dimensions in forest governance and REDD+ in Équateur Province, Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC)

Impacts of land use and land use changes on the resilience of beekeeping in Uruguay

1. Forests, Trees and Landscapes for Food Security and Nutrition

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Gender implications of forest product value chains in the Congo basin

Cited by 46 publications

References 19 publications

Gendered forests: exploring gender dimensions in forest governance and REDD+ in &Eacute;quateur Province, Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC)

Gendered forests: exploring gender dimensions in forest governance and REDD+ in &Eacute;quateur Province, Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC)

Impacts of land use and land use changes on the resilience of beekeeping in Uruguay

1. Forests, Trees and Landscapes for Food Security and Nutrition

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Gendered forests: exploring gender dimensions in forest governance and REDD+ in Équateur Province, Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC)

Gendered forests: exploring gender dimensions in forest governance and REDD+ in Équateur Province, Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC)