Gender Differences in the Prevalence of Somatic Versus Pure Depression: A Replication

Silverstein, Brett

doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.159.6.1051

Cited by 218 publications

(149 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…These results illustrate important sex-related differences associated with human 5-HT system dysfunction present in depression and characterize the pathophysiology of the illness itself. Furthermore, our findings support the opinion of other authors [54][55][56][57][58][59][60] who emphasize that different approaches to treatment of disorders heavily associated with 5-HT system (depression, schizophrenia, anorexia nervosa, panic disorder, personality disorders, posttraumatic stress disorder, irritable bowel syndrome, Alzheimer disease) should be exercised depending on the sex of the patient.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

The influence of daylight exposure on platelet 5-HT levels in patients with major depression and schizophrenia

Ljubičić

Stipčević

Pivac

et al. 2007

Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: Biology

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

The influence of daylight exposure on platelet 5-HT levels in patients with major depression and schizophrenia

Ljubičić

Stipčević

Pivac

et al. 2007

Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: Biology

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“…This may imply that cPLA2 gene has different effect on gender in MDD. In clinical practice, female patients with MDD seem to have more unexplained somatic symptoms than in male patietns with MDD [47]; however, there is no appropriate biological explanation for the difference. The findings in the present study may provide a possible explanation for the gender difference in the prevalence of somatic symptoms in MDD.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

BanI polymorphism of cytosolic phospholipase A2 gene and somatic symptoms in medication-free acute depressed patients

Chang

Guu

Chen

et al. 2018

Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids

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Somatic symptoms are commonly seen in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) and might be associated with inflammatory activation. Cytosolic phospholipase A2 (cPLA2) and cyclo-oxygenase-2 (COX-2) are the key enzymes in the metabolism of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), which in turn may play an important role in inflammation and somatic symptoms in depression. This study investigated the effects of BanI polymorphism of cPLA2 gene and COX-2 rs4648308 genotypes on somatic symptoms and inflammatory marker in patients with MDD.Eighty-two patients with MDD were assessed for their psychopathology including 2 psychiatric and somatic symptoms, BanI polymorphism of cPLA2 and COX-2 rs4648308 genotypes and CRP levels. The results revealed that MDD patients with the cPLA2 BanI GG genotypes had higher somatic symptoms and higher levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), while no differences were found among the COX-2 rs4648308 genotypes. Inflammatory process, such as arachidonic acid cascade pathway, might help explain the effect of cPLA2 BanI polymorphism on the somatic symptoms, and may be a potential target for future investigation on treatment for MDD with somatic symptoms. However, the interpretation of the findings in this study is limited since we analyzed the data from a subset data from a larger study.

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“…When the appetite or weight disturbance is specified, women report increased appetite or weight more often than men (Carter et al, 2000;Frank et al, 1988;Young et al, 1990). When clusters of symptoms are studied, higher prevalence rates are found in women for atypical depression or for somatic depression, defined as depression with symptoms of sleep disturbance, fatigue or appetite disturbance (Benazzi, 1999;Silverstein, 1999Silverstein, , 2002. To investigate these differences in a matched epidemiological sample, Khan et al (2002) studied opposite-sex dizygotic twin pairs in which both twins were diagnosed with depression.…”

Section: Iagnosis Of a Major Depressive Episode By The Diagnostic Amentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex Differences in Symptoms of Depression in Unrelated Individuals and Opposite-Sex Twin and Sibling Pairs

et al. 2006

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Diagnosis of a major depressive episode by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders of the American Psychiatric Association requires 5 out of 9 symptoms to be present. Therefore, individuals may differ in the specific symptoms they experience and reach a diagnosis of depression via different pathways. It has been suggested that depressed women more often report symptoms of sleep disturbance, appetite or weight disturbance, fatigue, feelings of guilt/worthlessness and psychomotor retardation than depressed men. In the current study, we investigate whether depressed men and women differ in the symptoms they report. Two samples were selected from a sample of Dutch and Australian twins and siblings. First, Dutch and Australian unrelated depressed individuals were selected. Second, a matched epidemiological sample was created consisting of opposite-sex twin and sibling pairs in which both members were depressed. No sex differences in prevalence rates for symptoms were found, with the exception of decreased weight in women in the sample of unrelated individuals. In general, the similarities in symptoms seem to far outweigh the differences in symptoms between men and women. This signifies that men and women are alike in their symptom profiles for major depression and genes for depression are probably expressed in the same way in the two sexes.

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Gender Differences in the Prevalence of Somatic Versus Pure Depression: A Replication

Abstract: The gender difference in depression may result from a difference in a specific type of depression-anxious somatic depression.

Cited by 218 publications

References 11 publications

The influence of daylight exposure on platelet 5-HT levels in patients with major depression and schizophrenia

The influence of daylight exposure on platelet 5-HT levels in patients with major depression and schizophrenia

BanI polymorphism of cytosolic phospholipase A2 gene and somatic symptoms in medication-free acute depressed patients

Sex Differences in Symptoms of Depression in Unrelated Individuals and Opposite-Sex Twin and Sibling Pairs

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