Gender Differences in Growth of School-Aged Children with Schistosomiasis and Geohelminth Infection

Parraga, Isabel M.; Assis, Ana Marlúcia Oliveira; Prado, Matildes da Silva; Barreto, Marcos; Reis, Mitermayer Galvão dos; King, Charles H.; Blanton, Ronald E.

doi:10.4269/ajtmh.1996.55.150

Cited by 76 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…This result might be due to the lower socioeconomic status of shantytown community and can reflect a broad range of insults such as poverty, ignorance, large family size and inadequate utilisation at the household level in slum dwellers (Kan, 1993). The data also indicated that the boys were thinner than girls in shantytown schools conforming to the study that indicated that the boys were more vulnerable to chronic unfavourable conditions such as infections or disease (Parraga et al, 1996).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

“…Although the boys had a higher stunting rate than girls in shantytown schools, in apartment schools, they did not. It is suggested that growth in boys may be more sensitive to environmental insults such as infections and diseases (Parraga et al, 1996). Previous studies reported that diarrhoeal diseases, amoebal dysenteric diseases and enteric fever infections were prevalent in the shantytown community (Ulukanligil et al, 2001a, b).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Anthropometric status, anaemia and intestinal helminthic infections in shantytown and apartment schoolchildren in the Sanliurfa province of Turkey

Ulukanlıgil

Seyrek

2004

Eur J Clin Nutr

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Objective: To study anthropometric status, anaemia and intestinal helminthic infections of schoolchildren living in better and worse socio-economic and environmental conditions in the Sanliurfa province of Turkey. Design: Cross-sectional school-based survey. Setting: The sample was selected using a multistage random cluster sampling technique. The urban area of the province is stratified into two strata on the basis of environmental conditions: shantytowns and apartment areas. A total of 12 schools in the shantytown areas and five schools in the apartment areas were randomly selected based on probability proportional size in the two strata. A third class (including 9-10 y-old children) was randomly selected in each school and all children in this class were selected for the survey. Subjects: A total of 806 children, 572 of them from shantytown schools and 234 from apartment schools, took part in the surveys. Height for age, weight for age and weight for height were calculated by New Anthro software using the NCHS/WHO international reference values. The haemoglobin concentration was measured by the cyanmethaemoglobin method. Stool samples were examined by the semiquantative Kato-Katz technique. Results: Evidence of chronic ill health was common due to undernutrition, anaemia and helminthic infections in shantytown schools. Both male and female children in shantytown schools had higher stunting rates than those of apartment schools. Underweight was significantly associated with the sex of the children in shantytown schools in that the boys had a significantly higher underweight rate than girls (P: 0.04), but this rate did not differ between sexes in apartment schools. Wasting was significantly associated with the type of settlements; the girls in apartment schools had a significantly higher wasting rate than those of shantytown schools (P: 0.02). The children in shantytown schools had significantly higher anaemia rates (45%) than those of apartment schools (15%) (P: 0.01). The prevalence of intestinal helminthic infections was significantly higher in shantytown schools (63%) than apartment schools (37%) (Po0.0001). Ascaris lumbricoides was the most prevalent helminth and followed by Trichuris trichiura, Hymenolepis nana and Taenia species in both the study areas. Infection in children was significantly related to stunting in shantytown schools (multiple R ¼ 0.147; P: 0.005) and in apartment schools (multiple R ¼ 0.171; P: 0.02). Conclusion: These results indicated that the prevalence of stunting, anaemia and intestinal helminth infections constitutes an important public health problem among shantytown schoolchildren. School health programmes including deworming, feeding and micronutrient iron supplements through health education have a potentially beneficial effect on the health and education of schoolchildren.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anthropometric status, anaemia and intestinal helminthic infections in shantytown and apartment schoolchildren in the Sanliurfa province of Turkey

Ulukanlıgil

Seyrek

2004

Eur J Clin Nutr

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“…For this reason, when analyzed alone or when independent of other risk factors, intestinal helminths may not seem to be a major factor in nutritional deficits, as has been the conclusion of this group in some previous studies. 27,28 A limitation of our cross-sectional study is that it is impossible to determine if polyparasitism proceeds or follows anemia. Therefore, causation cannot be attributed to polyparasitism.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Moderate- And Low-Intensity Co-Infections by Intestinal Helminths and Schistosoma Mansoni, Dietary Iron Intake, and Anemia in Brazilian Children

Brito¹,

Barreto²,

Silva³

et al. 2006

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Abstract. To determine the role of moderate-and low-intensity infections with Schistosoma mansoni and intestinal helminths (hookworm, Trichuris trichiura, Ascaris lumbricoides) on the prevalence of anemia and their relationship to iron consumption, a cross-section of 1,709 children in rural Brazil was studied. All participants were selected for infection with one or multiple helminthic parasites, and demographic, anthropometric, and dietary intake were surveyed. The prevalence and intensity were as follows: hookworm infection, 15.7% and 8.6 eggs/g; T. trichiura, 74.8% and 190.5 eggs/g; A. lumbricoides, 63% and 1,905.5 eggs/g; S. mansoni, 44.5% and 60.3 eggs/g. There was no increase in odds ratio for anemia with any combination of intestinal helminths without S. mansoni infection. By logistic regression, the odds ratio for having anemia when infected with S. mansoni and two intestinal helminths was 1.7 (95% CI, 1.1-2.5) and for S. mansoni and three intestinal helminths was 2.4 (95% CI, 1.2-4.6) compared with children with a single parasite species. Children with an adequate intake of iron had no increased odds of anemia independent of the combination of parasite infections.

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“…All measurements were carried out using standard anthropometric methods as described previously. 13,14 For each child measurement of weight, height, skinfold thicknesses, and arm circumference were made. Indices were calculated and converted to Z-scores for analysis.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biochemical and Immunologic Predictors of Efficacy of Treatment or Reinfection Risk for Schistosoma Mansoni

Reis¹,

Reis²,

Silva³

et al. 2006

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Abstract. Most Schistosoma mansoni infections are egg-negative after a single dose of oxamniquine. A cohort of 661 infected children was treated at 6-month intervals and assessed for nutritional and parasitological status. Initial biochemical and immunologic markers were measured in a subset of 84 children. All were treated at the start of therapy and at 6 months. Immunoglobulins only served as markers for active infection. No markers were predictive of cure or reinfection, except initial infection intensity and serum low-density lipoprotein. Ten percent were persistently infected and had no change in infection intensity at any time-point. Several factors suggest that this group was biologically different. In addition to failing to reduce their worm burden, they had significantly higher initial intensity of infection (100 versus 65 eggs/g, P ‫ס‬ 0.001) and significantly lower initial serum low-density lipoprotein (72 versus 104 mg/dL, P ‫ס‬ 0.045). The biologic plausibility of this observation is discussed.

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Gender Differences in Growth of School-Aged Children with Schistosomiasis and Geohelminth Infection

Cited by 76 publications

References 12 publications

Anthropometric status, anaemia and intestinal helminthic infections in shantytown and apartment schoolchildren in the Sanliurfa province of Turkey

Anthropometric status, anaemia and intestinal helminthic infections in shantytown and apartment schoolchildren in the Sanliurfa province of Turkey

Moderate- And Low-Intensity Co-Infections by Intestinal Helminths and Schistosoma Mansoni, Dietary Iron Intake, and Anemia in Brazilian Children

Biochemical and Immunologic Predictors of Efficacy of Treatment or Reinfection Risk for Schistosoma Mansoni

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