Biochemical and Immunologic Predictors of Efficacy of Treatment or Reinfection Risk for Schistosoma Mansoni

Reis, Eliana A. G.; Reis, Mitermayer Galvão dos; Silva, Rita de Cássia R.; Carmo, Theomira Mauadie Azevedo; Assis, Ana Marlúcia de Oliveira; Barreto, Maurício Lima; Parraga, Isabel M.; Santana, Mônica Leila Portela de; Blanton, Ronald E.

doi:10.4269/ajtmh.2006.75.904

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 35 publications

(29 reference statements)

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“…e mean total cholesterol level was significantly (P < 0.05) dropped in the S. mansoni-infected subject as compared with the control group in the current study. is finding is supported by a study from Brazil, which reported a mean total cholesterol level of 123.90 ± 21.52 and 156.31 ± 41.50 for the S. mansoni-positive group and the control group, respectively [41]. e possible cause for reduction of blood total cholesterol in infected hosts might be due to abnormalities in lipid metabolism, and since Schistosoma did not synthesize cholesterol de novo, it is completely dependent on the host cholesterol and fatty acids [42].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 68%

Hematological and Biochemical Profile of Patients Infected with Schistosoma mansoni in Comparison with Apparently Healthy Individuals at Sanja Town, Northwest Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study

Dessie

Lema

Aemero

2020

Journal of Tropical Medicine

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Background. Schistosomiasis is a parasitic disease that resides in the vascular system of vertebrates, causing a chronic, debilitating disease that affects more than 200 million people and 800,000 deaths per year in over 70 countries. This parasite causes liver dysfunction and disorders normal hematological and biochemical profiles in addition to portal vein hypertension syndrome, ascites, and liver fibrosis. The general objective of the current study is to assess hematological and biochemical profiles of patients infected with Schistosoma mansoni in comparison with apparently healthy individuals (control group) in Sanja town, northwest Ethiopia. Method. A comparative cross-sectional study was conducted from February to April 2019 among microscopically confirmed S. mansoni-infected patients attending Sanja hospital and apparently healthy (control group) from Sanja town community. A total of 220 participants, 110 from the S. mansoni-infected and 110 from the control group, were enrolled using convenient sampling technique. Three grams of stool and six milliliters of blood samples were collected from each study participant. Stool samples were processed using the Kato–Katz technique to determine infection and count parasite density. The blood sample was processed for the analysis of hematological and biochemical profiles using Cell Dyn 1800 (Abbot Hematology, IL, USA) and iChem535 chemistry analyzer, respectively. All data were analyzed using SPSS version 20, and P value less than 0.05 was taken as statistically significant. Results. This study showed that the mean values of serum alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, total protein, total cholesterol, hemoglobin, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, and total white blood cell count were different in the Schistosoma mansoni-positive group as compared with the control group with statistically significant value (P≤0.05). However, the mean values of blood glucose, red blood cell, packed cell volume, and granulocyte count difference were not statistically significant (P≥0.05). The mean value of hemoglobin, red blood cells, blood glucose, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, total protein, total cholesterol, and total white blood cell was significantly dropped in the moderate and heavy S. mansoni parasitic load patients as compared with the control group and light S. mansoni parasite density patients. However, the mean of AST and ALT progressively elevated as the burden of S. mansoni increased. Conclusion. Most hematological and biochemical profiles were significantly lower in the Schistosoma mansoni-positive group as compared with the control group. Most hematological and biochemical profiles decline significantly as the parasite density increased. Hence, with Schistosoma treatment, supportive treatment against hematological and biochemical disorders is recommended.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 68%

Hematological and Biochemical Profile of Patients Infected with Schistosoma mansoni in Comparison with Apparently Healthy Individuals at Sanja Town, Northwest Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study

Dessie

Lema

Aemero

2020

Journal of Tropical Medicine

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“…An interesting finding was a negative standardized mean difference observed in the association between IgE levels and reinfection with schistosomes (Figure 5 and Figure S2) inferred from meta-analysis on 8 studies [23], [31], [39], [44], [48]–[51]. However, subgroup analyses of these associations with IgE levels against adult worm antigen (SWA) (Figure 5A) and egg antigen (SEA) (Figure 5B) were not statistically significant (For anti-SWA IgE, SMD = −0.06, 95% CI = −0.59–0.46, Z = 0.23, p = 0.82; for anti-SEA IgE, SMD = −0.03, 95% CI = −0.38–0.32, Z = 0.15, p = 0.88).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 93%

Host Determinants of Reinfection with Schistosomes in Humans: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

et al. 2014

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BackgroundSchistosomiasis is still a major public health burden in the tropics and subtropics. Although there is an effective chemotherapy (Praziquantel) for this disease, reinfection occurs rapidly after mass drug administration (MDA). Because the entire population do not get reinfected at the same rate, it is possible that host factors may play a dominant role in determining resistance or susceptibility to reinfection with schistosomes. Here, we systematically reviewed and meta-analyzed studies that reported associations between reinfection with the principal human-infecting species (S. mansoni, S. japonicum and S. haematobium) and host socio-demographic, epidemiological, immunological and genetic factors.Methodology/Principal FindingsPubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, Cochrane Review Library and African Journals Online public databases were searched in October 2013 to retrieve studies assessing association of host factors with reinfection with schistosomes. Meta-analysis was performed to generate pooled odds ratios and standardized mean differences as overall effect estimates for dichotomous and continuous variables, respectively. Quality assessment of included studies, heterogeneity between studies and publication bias were also assessed. Out of the initial 2739 records, 109 studies were included in the analyses, of which only 32 studies with 37 data sets were eligible for quantitative data synthesis. Among several host factors identified, strong positive association was found with age and pre-treatment intensity, and only slightly for gender. These factors are major determinants of exposure and disease transmission. Significant positive association was found with anti-SWA IgG4 level, and a negative overall effect for association with IgE levels. This reconfirmed the concept that IgE/IgG4 balance is a major determinant of protective immunity against schistosomiasis. Other identified determinants were reported by a small number of studies to enable interpretation.ConclusionsOur data contribute to the understanding of host-parasite interaction as it affects reinfection, and is a potential tool to guide planning and tailoring of community interventions to target high-risk groups.

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“…Praziquantel, the current drug of choice for the treatment of schistosomiasis, including cutaneous schistosomiasis, is associated with an overall cure rate of 60–90% in individuals living in endemic areas and approximates 100% in nonendemic areas 30–32 . The subcurative response of patients from disease‐endemic areas is attributed to a high pre‐treatment parasite burden, high re‐infection rates, the circulation of immature parasitic forms that are unaffected by the drugs, drug resistance and noncompliance 30,32,33 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extra‐anogenital bilharziasis cutanea tarda revisited

et al. 2009

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E-BCT, a reflection of prior, re-infective or inadequately treated urinary schistosomiasis, is deemed to be a function of egg-laying consequent to the aberrant pathway of worms. Based on E-BCT occurrence in pre-existing extra-anogenital cutaneous fibroinflammatory and cicatricial processes and the presence of adult worms in three extra-anogenital biopsies in the present study, it is hypothesized that altered tissue mesenchymal repair reactions may promote extra-anogenital cutaneous worm entrapment and egg-laying.

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Biochemical and Immunologic Predictors of Efficacy of Treatment or Reinfection Risk for Schistosoma Mansoni

Cited by 10 publications

References 35 publications

Hematological and Biochemical Profile of Patients Infected with Schistosoma mansoni in Comparison with Apparently Healthy Individuals at Sanja Town, Northwest Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study

Hematological and Biochemical Profile of Patients Infected with Schistosoma mansoni in Comparison with Apparently Healthy Individuals at Sanja Town, Northwest Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study

Host Determinants of Reinfection with Schistosomes in Humans: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Extra‐anogenital bilharziasis cutanea tarda revisited

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