Gender Differences in Condom-Related Behaviors and Attitudes Among Mexican Adolescents Living on the U.S.-Mexico Border

Martínez-Donate, Ana P.; Hovell, Melbourne F.; Blumberg, Elaine J.; Zellner, Jennifer; Sipan, Carol L.; Shillington, Audrey M.; Carrizosa, Claudia

doi:10.1521/aeap.16.2.172.29395

Cited by 27 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Yet, controlled by other variables such as cohabiting status, being a male was a factor positively associated with consistent condom use with any type of partner. Similar gender differences were found in other surveys conducted in Brazil 17,18,19 , and also in surveys performed in other countries 20,21,22,23 . The gender differences described in this study may be partially explained by gender issues, including the different demeanors and practices related to the sexuality of men and women 24,25,26,27 .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Sex inequalities in HIV-related practices in the Brazilian population aged 15 to 64 years old, 2008

Pascom

Szwarcwald

2011

Cad. Saúde Pública

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The objective of this study is to analyze gender differences in HIV-related practices in the Brazilian population. A national survey was carried out in 2008 with a sample size of 8,000 individuals aged 15-64 years old. The sampling was stratified by macro geographical region and urban/rural areas. Logistic regression models were used to investigate the main predictors of consistent condom use. The results showed that women have less sexy, start sexual life later than men, have fewer casual sexual partners, but use condom less frequently than men. On the other hand, the coverage of HIV testing is significantly greater among women. Significant differences by gender were seen in all HIV-related risky practices. The greater vulnerability was always associated with women, with exception of HIV testing. The low proportion of condom use in infidelity situations was a problem for box sexes and deserves special consideration when developing prevention strategies.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Sex inequalities in HIV-related practices in the Brazilian population aged 15 to 64 years old, 2008

Pascom

Szwarcwald

2011

Cad. Saúde Pública

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“…However, as the women from our sample use the condom as a contraceptive method on a percentage smaller than their male peers, their attitudes, perceived behavioral control or greater intention of use has not been translated into a greater frequency of condom use in sexual relations. This has also been found by several researchers that have used these variables in university population (Carrasco, Muñoz-Silva & Sánchez-García, 2003;Parsons et al, 2000) and in younger adolescents (Martínez-Donate et al, 2004).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

Gender Differences in HIV-Related Sexual Behavior among College Students from Spain and Portugal

et al. 2009

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Under the perspective of the Theory of Planned Behavior, the objective of this study was to know the gender differences in the variables involved in the use of effective preventive measures in sexual relations against HIV in a sample of university students from Spain and Portugal. Furthermore, it is examined whether these factors produce different predictions concerning the adoption of safe sexual behaviour for young man and women in each country. The sample consisted of 683 university students, 319 Portuguese (64% female and 36% male) from the University of Algarve and 364 Spanish students (51% female and 49% male) from the University of Huelva. Data were obtained by means of a questionnaire. The data revealed that there are gender differences which apply in both countries, highlighting that the young women have more positive attitudes, greater perceived behavioural control and intention of condom use than young men. However, they protect themselves less that their male counterparts: the percentage of females who say using condoms as a contraceptive method is less than the percentage of males, and especially with their steady partners. The results are discussed in relation to gender role norms, to have a steady partner or not, gender relations, the associated meaning to sexual relations for men and women and their implications for the design of sexual educational programmes for them. Keywords: HIV/AIDS; gender differences; university students; preventive sexual behaviors.Bajo el enfoque de la Teoría de la Conducta Planeada, el objetivo de este estudio fue analizar las diferencias de género en cuanto a las variables que están implicadas en el uso efectivo de medidas preventivas en las relaciones sexuales frente al VIH, en una muestra de estudiantes universitarios de España y Portugal. Además, se analizó si estas variables provocan diferencias en las predicciones relacionadas con la adopción de conductas sexuales seguras por chicos y chicas en cada país. La muestra estaba formada por 683 estudiantes universitarios, 319 portugueses (64% mujeres y 36% hombres) de la Universidade do Algarve y 364 estudiantes españoles (51% mujeres y 49% hombres) de la Universidad de Huelva. Los datos fueron recogidos a través de un cuestionario. Los datos revelaron que hay diferencias de género que se mantienen en ambos países, destacando que las chicas tienen actitudes más positivas, una mayor percepción de control del comportamiento y una mayor intención de uso del preservativo que los chicos. Sin embargo, las chicas se protegen menos que sus homólogos masculinos: el porcentaje de mujeres que dicen usar el preservativo como un método anticonceptivo es menor que el porcentaje de hombres, y especialmente con sus parejas estables. Los resultados se discuten en relación con el papel de las normas de género, con el hecho de tener pareja estable o no, las relaciones de género, el significado asociado a las relaciones sexuales entre hombres y mujeres y sus implicaciones para el diseño de programas de educación sexual. Palabras clave: VIH...

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“…Various scholars have argued that either traditional [6], [7], [8], [9], [10], [11] and [12] or egalitarian gender role attitudes [13] and [14] could be associated with risky sexual behavior among young women. However, a majority of these studies are based on international populations [6], [8], [10], [11] and [12] or are confined to male samples in the United States [15] and [16]. There is a paucity of empirical research testing these ideas -individually or in conjunction -among women in the United States.…”

Section: Everything's Better In Moderation: Young Women's Gender Rolementioning

confidence: 99%

Everything's Better in Moderation: Young Women's Gender Role Attitudes and Risky Sexual Behavior

Leech¹

2010

Journal of Adolescent Health

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PurposeThis study examines the association between gender role attitudes and risky sexual behavior among young women. Previous studies have posed seemingly contradictory arguments: that either traditional attitudes or egalitarian attitudes are associated with riskier behavior. MethodsData are based on the children of the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth, representing 520 sexually active 18-19-year-old women. Propensity radius matching was used to assess differences in rates of multiple sexual partners and sex outside of a committed relationship. ResultsRelative to moderate gender role attitudes, both egalitarian gender role attitudes and traditional gender role attitudes are associated with higher rates of risky sexual behavior. Both women with egalitarian role attitudes and those with traditional role attitudes have about a 10% higher prevalence of risky behavior compared to women with more moderate gender role attitudes. ConclusionExisting, seemingly contradictory contentions about the relationship between gender role attitudes and risky sexual behavior may be more coherent than they seem. By shifting focus from risk to protection, the results suggest that moderate gender role attitudes are protective against risky sexual behavior. Future studies should investigate the causal mechanisms and intervention implications of this protective relationship. Keywords: Gender role; Premarital sex behavior; Women's role 2 Everything's Better in Moderation: Young Women's Gender Role Attitudes and Risky Sexual BehaviorGender roles and gender role attitudes continue to greatly influence American adolescents' everyday experiences, especially as they relate to social outcomes that determine power within relationships (such as women's economic standing and exposure to violence). Girls' career choice goals [1] and women's labor market experience [2] and monetary earnings [3] are heavily shaped by their gender role attitudes. In addition, gender role attitudes have some bearing on women's exposure to violence. Traditional gender role attitudes among men have been found to underlie rape scripts [4], and traditional beliefs among women are associated with tolerant perceptions of men's violence toward women [5].Despite this connection to power dynamics within relationships, the influence of young women's gender role attitudes on risky sexual behavior in the United States remains unclear. [16]. There is a paucity of empirical research testing these ideas -individually or in conjunction -among women in the United States. Therefore, this article examines the relationship between gender role attitudes and risky sexual behavior -specifically, rates of casual sex and multiple sex partners -in a national sample of at-risk young women. The Risk of Traditional Gender AttitudesScholars suggest that a belief in traditional feminine roles can lead to risky sexual behavior in two primary ways: (1) through hyperfemininity and (2) by discouraging women from successfully negotiating sexual encounters. Murnen and Byrne [17] outline th...

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Gender Differences in Condom-Related Behaviors and Attitudes Among Mexican Adolescents Living on the U.S.-Mexico Border

Cited by 27 publications

References 25 publications

Sex inequalities in HIV-related practices in the Brazilian population aged 15 to 64 years old, 2008

Sex inequalities in HIV-related practices in the Brazilian population aged 15 to 64 years old, 2008

Gender Differences in HIV-Related Sexual Behavior among College Students from Spain and Portugal

Everything's Better in Moderation: Young Women's Gender Role Attitudes and Risky Sexual Behavior

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