Gender Bias in Javanese Society: A Study in Language Forms Choice to Men and Women

Abstract

This research aimed to reveal different ways of thinking of society for men’s and women’s positions from the sociolinguistic point of view to accomplish the previous research. The research was conducted by studying language data in sentence formation on short story (fiction) and article (nonfiction). The short story and article used as data sources originated from internet media. This research used a qualitative descriptive method. The data were analyzed using equality and distributional methods. The finding data are classified into two: language form choice difference is based on linguistic factor and non-linguistic factor. Linguistic factor includes morphology, lexicon, phrase, compounds words, idiom. Non-linguistic factor includes the use of husband’s and wife’s names; call of husband’s name after wife’s proper name. The research shows that gender bias in Javanese society is expressed in differences in language forms choice to men and women. The language forms obtained from the data covers differences in language forms choice as caused by a social way of thinking to men’s and women’s status in daily life.

Rasch Calibration and Differential Item Functioning (DIF) Analysis of the Indonesian National Assessment Program-Language (INAP-L)

“…In the context of INAP-L, the potential for item bias can occur due to gender differences. This opinion is in line with the findings of previous studies which state that language tests tend to be gender biased (Atmawati, 2018). In addition, other study have found that there is a significant difference between the language skills of men and women in the Indonesian sample (Almuzakir & Qamariah, 2019).…”

The Discrimination against Women Reflected in Novels Entrok, Maryam, And Pasung Jiwa by Okky Madasari

“…Besides, education is a tool not only to get proper jobs but also to change one's mindset in social life. This is in line with the research of Atmawati (2018) that has said the way of social thinking is determined by the differences of language choice, in which it develops in accordance with the education level pursued. If women do not get an education, it will not only make it difficult for them to find jobs and to improve their living standard but also inhibit their social life because they are considered not able to put themselves on the same level as educated men.…”

Lexical Hedges in Mamma Mia! Movie

“…Shalaby (2019) stated that most people are exposed to hundreds of advertisements that encourage them to purchase certain products on a daily basis which seen as "socializing agents" that construct people"s ideologies and standards. Atmawati (2018) discussed that Language forms choice of someone can be different from language formation choice of others when speaking. Those differences come from sex difference and local culture as well.…”