Geminiviruses Associated with the Weed Species Ageratum conyzoides, Centipeda minima, Porophyllum ruderale, and Spilanthes iabadicensis from Java, Indonesia

Abstract

Geminivirus has a wide host range including cultivated plants and weeds. Infected weeds may play an important role in disease epidemic. Unfortunately, little is known about weeds species that may serve as alternative host for Geminivirus. This research was conducted to identify Geminivirus on weeds around chili pepper field to study their potential role as virus reservoir. Field surveys were conducted to chilli pepper growing area inWest and Central Java Provinces, and The Special Province of Yogyakarta during 2009 to collect symptomatic weed plants. Geminivirus infection was detected using PCR technique from 9 weed samples, i.e. 5 samples Ageratum conyzoides from Bogor (AgrBgr), Sukabumi (AgrSkm), Magelang (AgrMgl), Sleman (AgrJgy), and Garut (AgrGrt); Centipeda minima from Magelang (CtpMgl); A. boehmerioides from Sleman (AcpJgy); Porophyllum ruderale from Bogor (PrlBgr); Spilanthes iabadicensis from Magelang (SplMgl). Further genetic analysis showed that those geminiviruses can be differentiated into 2 clusters, showing the possible genetic differences among them. They neither have a close relationship with other geminiviruses published earlier in the GenBank, indicating weed infecting collected Geminivirus in this study is possibly a distinct Geminivirus

Pengaruh Empat Galur Bakteri Pemacu Pertumbuhan Tanaman dan Waktu Inokulasi Virus terhadap Keparahan Penyakit Daun Keriting Kuning Cabai

“…Berbagai upaya pengendalian untuk menekan penyakit tersebut telah banyak dilakukan tetapi belum banyak memberikan hasil yang memuaskan. Geminivirus merupakan virus yang sulit untuk dikendalikan karena memiliki tanaman inang yang luas, termasuk beberapa spesies gulma (Meliansyah et al 2011), dan kemampuannya ditularkan oleh serangga vektor, kutu-kebul B. tabaci, yang merupakan serangga polifag (Hendrival et al 2011). Pengembangan varietas cabai tahan penyakit daun keriting kuning mengalami kendala karena sumber ketahanan terhadap Geminivirus pada plasma nutfah cabai belum teridentifikasi.…”

Weed hosts of major legume viruses in Niger State, Southern Guinea Savanna of Nigeria

“…Virus diseases are considered a major limiting factor for the productivity of legumes in the tropical and sub-tropical countries (Bashir, 2008;Vincent et al, 2014;Palanga et al, 2016). One of the principal avenues by which these viruses are perpetuated is their over seasoning in weeds (Meliansyah et al, 2012;Makkouk et al, 2015). For instance, it has been documented that perennial grasses in the lowland ecology or fadama, might be the original host of Rice yellow mottle virus from which it spreads to cultivated rice when conditions become favourable, especially after intensive cultivation (Salaudeen et al, 2008).…”

“…In addition, these weed species harbour plant viruses during the growing season and serve as sources of inocula for their secondary spread (Cooper and Jones, 2006;Meliansyah et al, 2012). Odedara et al (2011) had reported that broad leaves and grasses which occur abundantly around legume fields could serve as alternative hosts and possibly be responsible for inoculum carry-over.…”

Infeksi Ageratum yellow vein virus pada Gulma Crassocephalum crepidioides di Bengkulu

“…Berbagai jenis gulma dilaporkan tumbuh di lahan budi daya pepaya di Bengkulu, di antaranya Crassocephalum crepidioides, Ageratum conyzoides, Claytonia perfoliate, dan Eleusine indica (Marpaung et al 2022). Meliansyah et al (2011) melaporkan infeksi geminivirus pada gulma menunjukkan gejala keriting daun dan tulang daun menguning di pertanaman cabai di Provinsi Jawa Barat, Jawa Tengah, dan Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. Gejala yang ditemukan pada sampel gulma dari Kabupaten Kepahiang dan Kabupaten Rejang Lebong diduga berasosiasi dengan infeksi Begomovirus.…”