Gastroprotective effects of hydroethanolic root extract of Arrabidaea brachypoda: Evidences of cytoprotection and isolation of unusual glycosylated polyphenols

Abstract

The hydroethanolic root extract of Arrabidaea brachypoda, from Bignoniaceae family, a Brazilian medicinal plant, demonstrated significant in vivo gastroprotective effects using different in vivo assays. The activity was evaluated in several models of experimental gastric ulcer in rats (absolute ethanol, glutathione depletion, nitric oxide depletion, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, pylorus ligation and acetic acid). Using 300 mg/kg (p.o.) the extract significantly reduced gastric injury in all models. In depth phytochemical investigation of this extract led to the isolation of two previously undescribed phenylethanoid glycosides derivatives and seven unusual glycosylated dimeric flavonoids. The structures were elucidated using UV, NMR and HRMS analysis. Absolute configuration of the dimeric flavonoids was performed by electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectroscopy.

Protective effect of two extracts of Cydonia oblonga miller (Quince) fruits on gastric ulcer induced by indomethacin in rats

“…Quince extracts are rich in tannins, polyphenols, and pectin which normally contains calcium ions that in turn tend to bind to both functional (pepsin) and structural proteins (mucus) to cause protection in gastric wall against acid and pepsin attacks. [ 29 30 ] Both increased in gastric pH and diminished activity of pepsin were found in our study supporting this idea that quince could protect gastric ulcers. [ 31 32 ] The results indicated that QAE was somewhat more effective than QHE regarding to pepsin activity inhibition.…”

In vitro toxicological assessment of Arrabidaea brachypoda (DC.) Bureau: Mutagenicity and estrogenicity studies

“…There are also reports of the presence of saponins, cardiac glycosides, phenolic compounds, tannins, steroids, pentacyclic triterpenes, betulinic acid, ursolic acid and oleanolic acid and three new compounds: brachydin A, brachydin B and brachydin C in the extract of the roots (Rocha et al, 2011(Rocha et al, , 2014. Recently, Rocha et al (2017) isolated of two previously undescribed phenylethanoid glycosides derivatives and Table 2 Mutagenic activity expressed by the number of revertants/plate, standard deviation and mutagenicity ratio (MR -in brackets) for the strain TA98 of S. typhimurium after treatment with various doses of aqueous and dichloromethane fractions of the leaves and roots of A. brachypoda, with (þS9) and without (ÀS9) metabolic activation. M ± SD ¼ mean and standard deviation; MR ¼ mutagenicity ratio; DMSO (dimethylsulfoxide e 75 mL/plate) ¼ Negative control; C þ ¼ Positive control-a 4-nitro-o-phenylenediamine (NPD-10 mg/plate), in the absence of S9 and b 2-anthramine (1.25 mg/plate), in the presence of S9.…”

“…Bureau is a shrub native Cerrado, known as "cip o-una", "tintureiro" or "cervejinha do campo" and popularly used in Southeastern and Northeastern Brazil to treatment of kidney stones and painful joints (arthritis). Studies show antifungal (Alcerito et al, 2002), antiviral (Brandão et al, 2010), anti-inflammatory and antinocicepitive effects in animal models (Rocha et al, 2011), a promising action in vitro and in vivo anti-Trypanosoma cruzi (Rocha et al, 2014) and more recently in vivo gastroprotective effects (Rocha et al, 2017).…”

Therapeutic potential of phenylethanoid glycosides: A systematic review

“…The detailed information of 116 new PhGs identified during 2009–2016 was given in 2016 3 . In the present review, we summarized the 111 PhGs 11–56 that have not been reviewed previously (1993–1997, 2007–2009, and 2016‐present) in Tables 1 and 2. The latest new PhGs (ginkgoside C and D) was published on 16 June 2020.…”