Gastric accommodation and motility are influenced by the barostat device: assessment with magnetic resonance imaging

Abstract

The barostat is considered the gold standard for evaluation of proximal gastric motility especially for the accommodation response to a meal. The procedure is invasive because it involves the introduction of an intragastric catheter and bag and is not always well tolerated. Moreover, the barostat bag itself may influence motility. Nowadays magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is able to measure several aspects of gastric motility noninvasively. To evaluate whether the accommodation response of the stomach, observed with the barostat, is present during MRI and whether the barostat interferes with gastric physiology, gastric accommodation, motility, and emptying were studied twice in 14 healthy subjects with MRI using three-dimensional volume scans and two-dimensional dynamic scans once in the presence of a barostat bag and once when the barostat bag was not present. Fasting and postprandial intragastric volumes were significantly higher in the experiment with barostat vs. without barostat (fasting: 350 +/- 132 ml vs. 37 +/- 21 ml, P < 0.0001; postprandial: 852 +/- 126 ml vs. 361 +/- 62 ml, P < 0.0001). No significant differences were found in gastric emptying (88 +/- 41 vs. 97 +/- 40 ml/h, not significant) and contraction frequency between both experiments. The accommodation response observed in the presence of the barostat bag was not observed in the absence of the barostat bag. In conclusion, the presence of an intragastric barostat bag does not interfere with gastric emptying or motility, but the accommodation response measured with the barostat in situ is not observed without the barostat bag in situ. Gastric accommodation is a nonphysiological barostat-induced phenomenon.

Gastric volume changes in response to a meal: Validation of magnetic resonance imaging versus the barostat

“…All images were reanalyzed as the interactive software tool used to determine in vitro volumes was different from the software tool used in our previous publication (10). Volumes were calculated by adding the calculated surfaces of all outlined areas multiplied with the slice thickness.…”

“…A catheter with bag was introduced through the mouth and positioned in the fundus of the stomach as described previously (10).…”

“…A volume scan (20 slices, thickness 10 mm, slice gap 0 mm, echo time 3.48 msec, repetition time 10.00 msec, flip angle 25 , field of view 450 mm, matrix 256 Â 256 pixels, total acquisition time 30 sec) was performed to determine momentary volumes. This MRI technique has been used and validated previously (8,(10)(11)(12).…”

“…Volumes ranged from 25 to 600 mL. Volume scans were acquired using previously validated MRI techniques (8,(10)(11)(12).…”

“…In a recent study (10) we assessed the influence of the barostat device on gastric volume changes and motility measured with MRI. We compared data obtained with MRI in the presence of a barostat bag with data obtained with MRI when a barostat bag was not present.…”