Gasoline-station workers in Brazil: Benzene exposure; Genotoxic and immunotoxic effects

Poça, Katia Soares da; Giardini, Isabela; Silva, Paula Vieira Baptista; Geraldino, Bárbara Rodrigues; Bellomo, Antonella; Alves, Julia Araújo; Conde, Taline Ramos; Zamith, Helena Pereira da Silva; Otero, Ubirani Barros; Ferraris, F; Friedrich, Karen; Sarpa, Marcia

doi:10.1016/j.mrgentox.2021.503322

Cited by 15 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Although the lowest tested concentration, 1.0 mM, did not show any changes in hemocyte number in both the Drosophila strains ( He>GFP and Hml>GFP ) compared to control. Of note, previous studies have shown that occupational exposure to benzene in factory workers resulted in alteration in the levels of immune cells 54 . Also, low‐level benzene exposure results in the depletion of WBCs in mice 55 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Of note, previous studies have shown that occupational exposure to benzene in factory workers resulted in alteration in the levels of immune cells. 54 Also, low-level benzene exposure results in the depletion of WBCs in mice. 55 Thus, our results are in validation with the previous studies on mice and other preclinical studies.…”

Section: Benzene Exposure Declines the Total Circulatory Hemocytes An...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hsp70 overexpression in Drosophila hemocytes attenuates benzene‐induced immune and developmental toxicity via regulating ROS/JNK signaling pathway

D’Souza

Dwivedi

Raihan

et al. 2022

Environmental Toxicology

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Benzene, a ubiquitous environmental chemical, is known to cause immune dysfunction and developmental defects. This study aims to investigate the relation between benzene-induced immune dysfunction and developmental toxicity in a genetically tractable animal model, Drosophila melanogaster. Further, the study explored the protective role of Heat Shock Protein 70 (Hsp70) against benzene-induced immunotoxicity and subsequent developmental impact. Drosophila larvae exposed to benzene (1.0, 10.0, and 100.0 mM) were examined for total hemocyte (immune cells) count, phagocytic activity, oxidative stress, apoptosis, and their developmental delay and reduction were analyzed.Benzene exposure for 48 h reduced the total hemocytes count and phagocytic activity, along with an increase in the Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS), and lipid peroxidation in the larval hemocytes. Subsequently, JNK-dependent activation of the apoptosis (Caspase-3 dependent) was also observed. During their development, benzene exposure to Drosophila larvae led to 3 days of delay in development, and ~40% reduced adult emergence. Hsp70-overexpression in hemocytes was found to mitigate benzene-induced oxidative stress and abrogated the JNK-mediated apoptosis in hemocytes, thus restoring total hemocyte count and improving phagocytotic activity. Further, hsp70-overexpression in hemocytes also lessened the benzene-induced developmental delay (rescue of 2.5 days) and improved adult emergence (~20%) emergence, revealing a possible control of immune cells on the organism's development and survival. Overall, this study established that hsp70-overexpression in the Drosophila hemocytes confers protection against benzene-induced immune injury via regulating the ROS/JNK signaling pathway, which helps in the organism's survival and development.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Benzene Exposure Declines the Total Circulatory Hemocytes An...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Hsp70 overexpression in Drosophila hemocytes attenuates benzene‐induced immune and developmental toxicity via regulating ROS/JNK signaling pathway

D’Souza

Dwivedi

Raihan

et al. 2022

Environmental Toxicology

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“…A definição de valores limite nas legislações para exposição ao benzeno deveria ser revista, já que não existe concentração segura para exposição a esta substância, pois durante uma exposição em longo prazo, mesmo em concentrações baixas, há riscos à saúde, principalmente de efeitos sistêmicos e carcinogênicos 20,23,33,34,35 .…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Avaliação da exposição a BTEX em postos de revenda de combustíveis no Rio de Janeiro, Brasil, e os riscos à saúde do trabalhador

et al. 2021

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A gasolina é uma mistura complexa de substâncias, dentre elas estão hidrocarbonetos como o benzeno, tolueno, etilbenzeno e xilenos (BTEX), sendo esses compostos emitidos para a atmosfera, com destaque ao benzeno, por ser comprovadamente carcinogênico. Objetivamos avaliar as concentrações de BTEX no ar de postos de revenda de combustíveis no Município do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil, e calcular o risco de câncer associado a estas exposições. Foram realizados dois tipos de amostragem (fixa e móvel) adaptadas da metodologia nº 1.501 do Instituto Nacional de Segurança e Saúde Ocupacional (Estados Unidos), em seis postos de revenda de combustíveis na Zona Oeste da cidade. A amostragem fixa foi feita próxima às bombas de combustível, enquanto a móvel foi realizada através da coleta do ar na zona respiratória dos trabalhadores (frentistas), conforme estes se deslocavam pelo posto. As amostras foram analisadas por cromatografia gasosa com detecção por ionização em chama. Com os resultados das amostragens foram feitos os cálculos de risco à saúde, usando os indicadores Quociente de perigo (HQ) e Risco de câncer (CR), para avaliar os possíveis efeitos não-carcinogênicos e carcinogênicos, respectivamente, nos trabalhadores dos postos de revenda de combustíveis. As concentrações ambientais para a maioria dos compostos BTEX foram abaixo dos limites preconizados, menos para o benzeno, um composto carcinogênico, que apresentou concentrações muito acima dos limites, levando a altos valores de risco de câncer. Os resultados demonstraram que há riscos à saúde dos trabalhadores de postos de revenda de combustíveis, principalmente o risco de desenvolver câncer, devido à exposição excessiva ao benzeno.

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“…However, due to its simple aromatic structure and the high activity of its metabolites, benzene plays a vital role in the chemical manufacturing industry. It is indispensable in producing key chemicals used in the synthesis of plastics, resins, and other fibers ( 5 ). In addition, the ubiquitous presence of benzene in the industry makes its exposure inevitable, while its important economic status has made the relationship between disease and benzene exposure controversial.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Figure5 Subgroup analysis: exposure level: low to medium exposure/high exposure. CI, confidence interval; REML, restricted maximum likelihood.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Benzene exposure increases the risk of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies

Liu¹,

Wang²

2022

Transl Cancer Res TCR

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Background: Although there is sufficient evidence that benzene exposure increases the risk of leukemia, whether benzene exposure increases the risk of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) remains controversial. The method of meta-analysis can reduce the uncertainty in evidence-based medicine (EBM) evidence decisionmaking caused by the bias between studies by systematically searching, evaluating, and combining all relevant literatures.Methods: PubMed, Embase, ScienceDirect and other databases were searched according to the population exposure comparison outcome principles: whether the general population exposed to benzene has a higher risk of developing NHL than the population without benzene exposure. Two independent researchers extracted the main endpoint indicators from the included literature, including the odds ratio (OR) or relative risk (RR) of benzene exposure to the risk of NHL. Risk of bias was assessed for each study using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale (NOS). Heterogeneity between studies was evaluated using the Cochrane Q test and I 2 statistics, and combined risk estimates were calculated with the random-effects and fixed-effect models.Meanwhile, source of heterogeneity was evaluated by subgroup analysis. Publication bias was evaluated by funnel plot and Egger's test, and the stability of results was evaluated by sensitivity analysis. All results with P<0.05 were considered statistically significant.Results: A total of 14 articles were included in this study for meta-analysis, including 9 cohort studies and 5 case-control studies with NOS scores between 5 and 9. Four of the articles were at low risk of bias, and 10 were at moderate risk of bias. Of 492,719 people with benzene exposure, there were 1,994 cases of NHL. The OR of NHL in the benzene-exposed population compared with nonexposed population was 1.23 (P=0.03), with moderate heterogeneity (I 2 =63.47%). People with high exposure to benzene showed a higher risk of NHL (OR =1.81) and there was a low degree of heterogeneity (I 2 =27.56%). The risk of benzene exposure in China (OR =2.48) was higher than that in Europe (OR =1.19), the United Kingdom (OR =1.07), and the United States (OR =1.24).Conclusions: Benzene exposure was positively correlated with the incidence of NHL.

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Gasoline-station workers in Brazil: Benzene exposure; Genotoxic and immunotoxic effects

Cited by 15 publications

References 45 publications

Hsp70 overexpression in Drosophila hemocytes attenuates benzene‐induced immune and developmental toxicity via regulating ROS/JNK signaling pathway

Hsp70 overexpression in Drosophila hemocytes attenuates benzene‐induced immune and developmental toxicity via regulating ROS/JNK signaling pathway

Avaliação da exposição a BTEX em postos de revenda de combustíveis no Rio de Janeiro, Brasil, e os riscos à saúde do trabalhador

Benzene exposure increases the risk of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies

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