Gas chromatographic determination of toxic quinolizidine alkaloids in blue cohoshCaulophyllum thalictroides (L.) Michx

Detecting Potential Teratogenic Alkaloids from Blue Cohosh Rhizomes Using an in Vitro Rat Embryo Culture

“…In this study, N -methylcytisine ( 9 ) displayed the most distinct teratogenic effects in the REC. In previous work, N -methylcytisine has been found at various levels in blue cohosh-containing dietary supplement products, from a low of 3 ppm to a high of 850 ppm . In addition, this compound is found in other plants used as ingredients in dietary supplements, such as fenugreek ( Trigonella foenum-graecum L.).…”

“…Previous researchers identified three quinolizidine alkaloids in the rhizomes of this plant, including anagyrine ( 4 ), baptiflorine ( 5 ), and N -methylcytisine ( 9 ), along with the quaternary aporphine alkaloid magnoflorine ( 3 ). , The triterpenoid glycoside, caulosaponin, has also been isolated from the rhizomes of this plant . Quinolizidine alkaloid levels in selected blue cohosh-containing dietary supplement products have been determined previously by gas chromatography, and the following ranges were found: N -methylcytisine, 5−850 ppm; anagyrine, 2−390 ppm; and baptifoline, 9−900 ppm, with the lower concentrations found in liquid-extract products . Magnoflorine was measured in C. thalictroides rhizomes at a level of 11 000 ppm .…”

The Phytochemistry of Cherokee Aromatic Medicinal Plants

“…Roots: Pregnane steroid (ikemagenin, lineolon, pleurogenin) glycosides [87] Aerial parts: Pregnane steroid glycosides (tuberosides A 1 -L 5 ) [88] Aerial parts: Pregnane steroid glycosides (tuberosides B 7 and B 8 ) [89] [15] Roots: alkaloids: N-methylcytisine, baptifoline, anagyrine, magnoflorine (major) [108] Roots: quinolizidine alkaloids: N-methylcytisine, baptifoline (major), anagyrine [109] Roots: alkaloids: thalictroidine, taspine, magnoflorine, anagyrine, baptifoline, 5,6-dehydro-α-isolupanine, α-isolupanine, lupanine, N-methylcytisine, and sparteine; N-methylcytisine showed teratogenic activity [110] Roots: piperidine alkaloids (caulophyllumine A, caulophyllumine B), quinolizidine alkaloids (anagyrine, lupanine, O-acetylbaptifolin, N-methylcytisine), oleanane saponins (caulosides A, B, C, D, G, H, leonticin D, ciwujianoside A, saponin PE) [111] Roots: alkaloids, O-acetylbaptifolin, anagyrine, caulophyllumine B, lupanine showed cytochrome-P450 inhibitory activity [112] Roots: oleanane saponins: caulosides A, B, C, D, G; leonticin D, and…”

Indolizidine and quinolizidine alkaloids

“…New alkaloids belonging to this group and new sources of known lupin alkaloids, are listed in Table 1. [93][94][95][96][97][98][99][100] The structural determination of new alkaloids is described in Section 12.2.…”

“…Levels of the toxic alkaloids of Caulophyllum thalictroides (blue cohosh), a perennial herb contained in dietary supplements marketed in the United States, have been determined by a rapid and sensitive GC assay. 94 The presence of the teratogen anagyrine 249, in particular, as well as baptifoline 250 and N-methylcytisine 251, causes some concern, since the preparations are often given to pregnant women to ease parturition. The alkaloids matrine 252 and sophocarpine 253, constituents of the Chinese medicinal plant Sophora flavescens, have been efficiently separated on a preparative scale by pH-zone refining counter-current chromatography.…”