Galling Insects in the Pantanal Wetland and Amazonian Rainforest

Julião, Genimar Rebouças; Almada, Emmanuel Duarte; Fernandes, Geraldo Wilson

doi:10.1007/978-94-017-8783-3_19

Cited by 9 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Furthermore, host plant quality can directly influence the third trophic level (natural enemies) (Legrand & Barbosa, ) and favor a high diversity of galls in the xeric environments (Fernandes & Price, ). We found a pattern consistent with those described in the literature, that is, greater richness and abundance of galling insects in the more xeric environments (Fernandes et al, ; Fernandes & Price, ; Jesus et al, ; Julião et al, ; Lara et al, ). The plants inhabiting xeric environments tend to have higher availability of amino acids and free organic nitrogen compounds, which means that they are more nutritious (Price, ; White, ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Thus, internalfeeding gall-inducing insects attacking such plants would experience greater protection from their natural enemies (Hardy & Cook, 2010;Ribeiro & Basset, 2007). These hypotheses have been supported by several studies conducted in tropical (Fernandes, Gonçalves-Alvim, & Carneiro, 2005;Jesus, Silva, & Fernandes, 2012;Julião, Almada, & Fernandes, 2014;Lara, Fernandes, & Gonçalves-Alvim, 2002) and temperate (Fernandes, Duarte, & Lüttge, 2003;Fernandes & Price, 1988 habitats.…”

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confidence: 68%

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Variation in community structure of gall‐inducing insects associated with a tropical plant supports the hypothesis of competition in stressful habitats

Ramos

Solar

Santos

et al. 2019

Ecology and Evolution

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Environmental factors act as drivers of species coexistence or competition. Mesic environments favor the action of parasites and predators on gall communities, while the factors that determine the structure of gall communities in xeric environments remain unknown. We evaluated the structure of gall communities along an environmental gradient defined by intrinsic plant characteristics, soil fertility, and aridity, and investigated the role of competition as a structuring force of gall communities in xeric environments. We created null models to compare observed and simulated patterns of co‐occurrence of galls and used the C‐score index to assess community aggregation or segregation. We used the NES C‐score (standardized C‐score) to compare patterns of co‐occurrence with parameters of environmental quality. Xeric environments had poorer and more arid soils and more sclerophyllous plants than mesic environments, which was reflected in the distribution patterns of gall communities. Values of the C‐score index revealed a segregated distribution of gall morphospecies in xeric environments, but a random distribution in mesic environments. The low availability of resources for oviposition and the high density of gallers in xeric environments reinforce interspecific competition as an important structuring force for gall communities in these environments.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

mentioning

confidence: 68%

Variation in community structure of gall‐inducing insects associated with a tropical plant supports the hypothesis of competition in stressful habitats

Ramos

Solar

Santos

et al. 2019

Ecology and Evolution

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“…Third, the rate of attack by natural enemies and mortality caused by host plant resistance in harsher habitats is lower than mesic ones (Fernandes and Price 1992;Schultz 1992;Fernandes et al 2005). All these factors suggest that host plants growing in habitats with poor soils under low humidity should be more susceptible to attack by galling insects Julião et al 2014a). Furthermore, synchronized resprouting induced by fire in some of these habitats may foster host-shifts and consequently galling insects attack (Mendonça 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understory host plant and insect gall diversity changes across topographic habitats differing in nutrient and water stress in the Brazilian Amazon rainforest

et al. 2017

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Topographic gradients in terra firme forests are associated with pronounced changes in soil texture, soil nutrients and distance to the water-table, thereby creating different hydric and nutritional conditions for plants and their associated herbivore community. The aim of this study was to investigate galling species and host plant richness and gall species composition across topographic habitats differing in nutrient and water stress in the Brazilian Amazon rainforest. Nineteen 250 x 3 m plots were randomly sampled in the valley, slope, plateau-slope transition, and plateau habitats in terra firme forests. All individual dicotyledonous plants 1 to 3 meters high were examined for the presence of insect galls. Galling species and host plant richness differed significantly among the studied habitats and were higher in slope habitats (drier habitats), as expected. More humid areas (valleys) showed the lowest richness of galling species, and a lower number of understory host plants. PERMANOVA and PERMDISP results demonstrated that the gall species composition differed significantly in the valley, slope, plateau-slope transition, and plateau areas. However, these structural differences in species composition could be due to unequal dispersion of variability among forest habitats. Our data suggested that spatial heterogeneity, such as a mosaic of local water status and nutrient availability resulting from the topographic conditions, can affect host plants and their associated galling insects. KEYWORDS: habitat stress, soil nutrients, species diversity, terra firme forest, topographic gradient Riqueza de insetos galhadores associados a habitats de sub-bosque com diferentes topografias e níveis de estresse hídrico e nutricional em uma floresta da Amazônia Central, Brasil RESUMOAs variações topográficas encontradas nas florestas de terra firme são acompanhadas por fortes mudanças no conteúdo de argila e concentração de nutrientes do solo, criando, portanto, diferentes condições hídricas e nutricionais para plantas e as comunidades de herbívoros associadas. O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar a riqueza e composição de espécies de insetos galhadores e suas plantas hospedeiras ao longo de um gradiente topográfico com habitats que diferem quanto ao estresse hídrico e nutricional. Dezenove parcelas de 250 x 3 m foram estabelecidos aleatoriamente em habitats de vertente, platô, transição platô-vertente e baixio, claramente distintos em áreas de terra firme. Todas as dicotiledôneas com 1 a 3 metros de altura foram examinadas quanto à presença de galhas de insetos. As galhas encontradas foram coletadas e insetos galhadores foram classificados em morfoespécies. A riqueza de galhadores e de plantas hospedeiras diferiram significativamente entre os habitats estudados, e como esperado, foi maior no habitat de vertente. As áreas mais úmidas (baixios) apresentaram menor riqueza de plantas hospedeiras no sub-bosque e, conseqüentemente, um número menor de espécies de galhadores. Os resultados das análises de PERMANOVA e P...

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“…A seventh morphotype (clavate leaf gall), also induced by a Cecidomyiidae, was reported for Minas Gerais and Mato Grosso do Sul states (Luz et al 2012;Julião et al 2014a). This distribution is widened to the Amazonas state (Julião et al 2014a), which was not included in the last report of cecidomyiid distribution (Proença and Maia 2015). The distribution of cecidomyiids associated with C. brasiliense reflects this family's overlapping distribution with the host plant.…”

mentioning

confidence: 92%

“…The secondary sources were a review of literature data in which C. brasiliense and its cecidomyiid-induced galls are reported (Madeira et al 2003;Maia et al 2008;Luz et al 2012;Maia 2013;Julião et al 2014aJulião et al , 2014bProença and Maia 2015), and direct observation of herbaria…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Where host plant goes, galls go too: new records of the Neotropical galling Cecidomyiidae (Diptera) associated with Calophyllum brasiliense Cambess. (Calophyllaceae)

Arriola¹,

Júnior²,

Mouga³

et al. 2016

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Calophyllum brasiliense, a Neotropical species, hosts seven galling Cecidomyiidae reported only for Brazil. Our hypothesis is the distribution of the galling insects associated with C. brasiliense is similar to that of the host plant. We checked gall occurrence by field sampling and by searching data in literature and herbaria. Current results indicate that the occurrence of galling Cecidomyiidae associated with C. brasiliense extends to 13 Brazilian states, as well as to 11 countries of Neotropical America.

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Galling Insects in the Pantanal Wetland and Amazonian Rainforest

Cited by 9 publications

References 51 publications

Variation in community structure of gall‐inducing insects associated with a tropical plant supports the hypothesis of competition in stressful habitats

Variation in community structure of gall‐inducing insects associated with a tropical plant supports the hypothesis of competition in stressful habitats

Understory host plant and insect gall diversity changes across topographic habitats differing in nutrient and water stress in the Brazilian Amazon rainforest

Where host plant goes, galls go too: new records of the Neotropical galling Cecidomyiidae (Diptera) associated with Calophyllum brasiliense Cambess. (Calophyllaceae)

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