Fungichromin:  A Substance from Streptomyces padanus with Inhibitory Effects on Rhizoctonia solani

Abstract

Streptomyces padanus strain PMS-702 is an antagonist of Rhizoctonia solani AG-4, the causal agent of damping-off of cabbage. Treatment of cabbage seeds with the culture filtrate of S. padanus strain PMS-702 was effective in reducing the incidence of damping-off of cabbage. The major active ingredient from the culture filtrate of S. padanus strain PMS-702 was purified by silica gel column chromatography and identified as the polyene macrolide, fungichromin, by NMR and mass spectral data. Bioassay studies showed that fungichromin had a strong antifungal activity against R. solani AG-4, and its minimum inhibitory concentration (over 90% inhibition) was found to be 72 microg/mL. This is the first report of fungichromin from S. padanus as an active ingredient for the control of Rhizoctonia damping-off of cabbage.

Optimization of cultivation conditions for fungichromin production from Streptomyces padanus PMS-702

“…For example, a Streptomyces capable of streptomycin production (Garson and Waksman, 1948) has been employed in agricultural field production for years (Manker et al, 2003). In our previous study (Shih et al, 2003), a strain, Streptomyces padanus PMS-702, was screened and isolated from spent forest mushrooms. The culture broth of this strain exhibited a broad spectrum against plant pathogens.…”

Novel Production of Isochainin by a Strain of Streptomyces sp. Isolated from Rhizosphere Soil of the Indigenous Moroccan Plant Argania Spinosa L

“…Polyene macrolides selectively alter the permeability of yeasts and fungi membranes. Polyenes like fungichromin produced by Streptomyces padanus have demonstrated inhibitory effects against Rhizoctonia solani, the causal agent of damping-off of cabbage (Shih et al 2003) and faerifungin from S. griseus has shown effective suppression of Asparagus officinalis L. root diseases caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. asparagi and Fusarium moniliformae (Smith et al 1990).…”

Characterization of Streptomyces padanus JAU4234, a Producer of Actinomycin X 2 , Fungichromin, and a New Polyene Macrolide Antibiotic

“…Only actinomycin X 2 has both proline and 4-oxoproline in the molecule, suggesting that compound 1 is actinomycin X 2 (8,13). On the basis of 1D and 2D NMR spectral data, the chemical shift of compound 2 matched that of fungichromin, indicating that compound 2 is likely fungichromin (5,10,12). Compound 3 had a structure similar to that of compound 2, the main distinction being the absence of two olefinic methine carbons and the presence of two oxygen-bearing carbons (one oxygen-bearing methine and one oxygen-bearing quaternary carbon) in compound 3.…”

“…Therefore, strain JAU4234 was identified as S. padanus JAU4234. Other strains of this species have been widely used as biocontrol agents in China and Taiwan (12) and are known to produce fungichromin (an antifungal antibiotic) and actinomycin X 2 (an antitumor antibiotic) (7,12).…”

“…The in vitro antimicrobial activities of these three compounds were evaluated by determining their MICs (12,18). Although compound 1 has been previously isolated and identified, MIC data for the compound are not available.…”