Fungi isolated from phyllosphere of fodder galega (Galega orientalis)

Abstract

The object of the experiment was fodder galega (<em>Galega orientalis</em> Lam.) cultivated in 2001-2003 as field crop on three plots: 1. without fertilization, 2. 40 kg P<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> × ha<sup>-1</sup> and 80 kg K<sub>2</sub>O × ha<sup>-1</sup>, 3. 80 kg P<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> × ha<sup>-1</sup> and 160 kg K<sub>2</sub>O × ha<sup>-1</sup>. During the dry and warm vegetation season of 2002 almost two times fewer isolates were obtained from the leaves than in 2003 that was the most abundant in fungi. Yeasts-like fungi (30% of the total number of isolates) and saprotrophic fungi with dominated species: <em>Acremonium strictum</em> (8.5%), genus <em>Epicoccum</em> (7.8%), <em>Humicola</em> (9.5%) and <em>Penicillium</em> (18.9%) were the fungi most frequently populating the leaves of galega. The share of pathogens in the total number of isolates obtained from the phyllosphere was 10.6%. They were represented by fungi of <em>Ascochyta</em> spp., <em>Botrytis cinerea</em>, genus <em>Fusarium, Phoma medicaginis</em> and <em>Sclerotinia sclerotiorum</em>. Reduction by 1.9 to 4.6% in the number of fungi isolated from the phyllosphere of galega without fertilization as compared to galega cultivated in combinations with fertilization was recorded. Generally, the smallest number of pathogens was recovered from galega fertilized with 40 kg P<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> × ha<sup>-1</sup> and 80 kg K<sub>2</sub>O × ha<sup>-1</sup>. <em>B. cinerea</em> most frequently populated galega in combination without fertilization, genus <em>Fusarium fungi</em> in combination without fertilization and with fertilization with 80 kg P<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> × ha<sup>-1</sup> and 160 kg K<sub>2</sub>O × ha<sup>-1</sup>, while <em>Ascochyta</em> spp. were isolated from galega with fertilization only.

Effects of Some Fungicides and Foliar Fertilizers on Epiphytic Fungal and Yeast Population of Citrus Leaves

“…Foliar fertilizers application could also encourage saprophytic mycoflora on leaf surface however phytotoxicity probability should be keep in mind by the repeated applications. However in a recent study, mineral fertilization reduced the total number of fungi colonizing the phyllosphere of fodder galega [23].…”