Fungal Terpenoid Antibiotics and Enzyme Inhibitors

Inouye, Sigeharu; S, Abe; Yamaguchi, Haruki

doi:10.1201/9780203027356.ch29

Cited by 4 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 1 publication

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…During the last ten years, the interest in compounds that show antifungal activity has been increased. Among them the sordarin (tricyclic diterpene glycoside) was for the first time isolated in 1971 (Hauer and Sigg as cited in Inouye et al, 2004), and slightly more potent zofimarin was isolated for the first time in 1987 (Ogita et al 1987 as cited in Inouye et al, 2004). In addition, suggestive is xylarin (compound SCH57404) isolated from the lignicolous fungus Xylaria sp.…”

Section: Antifungal Substancesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Antibiotics are defined as low molecular weight organic natural products (secondary metabolites or idiolites) made by microorganisms, which are active at low concentrations against other microorganisms. There are estimations that among 12,000 antibiotics known, approximately 55% are produced by Streptomyces, 11% by other Actinomycetes, 12% from other bacteria and 22% from filamentous fungi (Inouye et al, 2004). In its broadest definition an antibacterial is an agent that interferes with the growth and reproduction of bacteria.…”

Section: Antibiotics and Antimicrobial Agentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several antifungal metabolites with steroid structure have been also isolated from fungi A25822 A and B from Geotrichum (Gordee and Butler, 1975 as cited in Inouye et al, 2004) and from Wallemia sebi; Mer-NF8054 A and X from the genus Aspergillus. The most famous triterpene, favonol isolated from basidiomycetous Favolashia sp.…”

Section: Antifungal Substancesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nutritional limitation further induces secondary metabolism and production of various compounds, in order to exploit scarce nutrients in the best extent possible (Aldered et al, 1999). Taking into account the antibiotic screening, review of Inouye et al, 2004 showed that the number of antifungal metabolites increased significantly, anticancer metabolites -moderately, while the number of antibacterial metabolites decreased in the last ten years. However, the most significant increase was observed in bioactive metabolites of non-antibiotic mode of action, especially regarding the screening of inhibitors of cholesterol synthesis, of which 93% originated from fungi (Yagisawa, 2000).…”

Section: Antimicrobial Substances -Antibiotics From Fungi and Macrofungimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many derivatisations of sordarin antibiotics have been performed in research groups of the GlaxoSmith Kline company by biotransformation with Streptomyces avermitilis, what resulted in the synthesis of GM237354 (Herreros et al, 1998), with the MIC of 90% that was 0.015 mg/ml for isolates of C. albicans and 0.12 for C. tropicalis. Further development of these compounds has led to the azasordarin group in which the sugar component is replaced by Nsubstituted morpholine (Herreros et al, 2001 as cited in Inouye et al, 2004).…”

Section: Antifungal Substancesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Antibacterial Agents from Lignicolous Macrofungi

Karaman¹,

Matavulj²,

Janjic³

2012

Antimicrobial Agents

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Section: Antifungal Substancesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Antibiotics and Antimicrobial Agentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Antifungal Substancesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Antimicrobial Substances -Antibiotics From Fungi and Macrofungimentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Antifungal Substancesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Antibacterial Agents from Lignicolous Macrofungi

Karaman¹,

Matavulj²,

Janjic³

2012

Antimicrobial Agents

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Differential Analysis of 2D NMR Spectra: New Natural Products from a Pilot‐Scale Fungal Extract Library

et al. 2007

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The efficient analysis of small-molecule mixtures underlies many endeavors in chemical biology. The sensitivity of mass spectrometry (MS) has resulted in its widespread adoption for such analyses, and today rapid automated LC-MS analyses are widely used. Several recent studies have demonstrated the feasibility of NMR spectroscopic analyses of complex smallmolecule mixtures, including the use of diffusion-ordered spectroscopy (DOSY) [1] or principal component analysis (PCA) in metabolomics, [2] as well as the characterization of crude unfractionated natural product extracts using routine two-dimensional NMR spectra.[3] Compared to MS analyses, 2D NMR spectroscopic investigations of small-molecule mixtures offer the benefit of more detailed structural information, which is of particular relevance for the detection of novel chemotypes. However, the complexity of 2D spectra typically obtained for small-molecule mixtures has limited a broader implementation of NMR spectroscopy for their characterization. Herein, we describe a simple procedure for the differential analysis of arrays of 2D NMR spectra and demonstrate its utility for the detection of new natural products from a small library of fungal extracts.Fungi are prolific producers of natural products derived from terpene, [4] polyketide, [5] and nonribosomal peptide pathways.[6] Several lines of evidence indicate that only a fraction of the biosynthetic capabilities of fungi (and other cultured organisms) are discovered in traditional screening operations, as most secondary metabolite pathways are not expressed under the culture conditions used. Various approaches are being pursued to increase the accessible fraction of fungal metabolomes, and anecdotal evidence suggests that fungi respond to even small variations in their culturing protocol by starting (or stopping) the biosynthesis of specific natural products. [7][8][9][10][11] Clearly, a more systematic exploration of factors modulating secondary metabolite biosynthesis in fungi (and, by the same token, in bacteria) would be highly desirable. In a pilot study, we used differential analyses of 2D NMR spectra for the characterization of a small library of fungal extracts derived from a Tolypocladium cylindrosporum strain, cultured with a variety of protocols, which quickly revealed two new terpenoid indole alkaloids.T. cylindrosporum strain TC705 was selected from a group of insect-pathogenic fungi [12] because it has a number of nonribosomal peptide and polyketide biosynthetic genes that suggest a high metabolic potential for the production of secondary metabolites.[13] For our studies, TC705 cultures were grown using seven different protocols, based on four different media (YM, SDY, mEM, and diEM; see Supporting Information for full details). Three protocols (YM-SDY, YMmEM, and YM-diEM) included growing cultures in a twostep fermentation procedure, whereby each culture is initiated using a nutrient-rich medium and then transferred to a minimal or partially nutrient-deficient medium.[14] For subsequent NMR spe...

show abstract