Fundamentals, of explosive welding

Crossland, B.; Bahrani, A.S.

doi:10.1080/00107516808204394

Cited by 23 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Crossland [35] have determined the lower and upper limits of the dynamic angle β. They experimentally obtained a lower limit of 2-3° and an upper limit of 31° for collision angle in parallel geometry which below and above these angles welding is impossible.…”

Section: Welding Window Calculationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Weldability window and the effect of interface morphology on the properties of Al/Cu/Al laminated composites fabricated by explosive welding

2015

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Section: Welding Window Calculationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Weldability window and the effect of interface morphology on the properties of Al/Cu/Al laminated composites fabricated by explosive welding

2015

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“…4) Crossland et al 24) concluded that the front vortices would mainly contain the parent plate material. This is in agreement with the atomic percentage of the elements, discussed in the next section.…”

Section: µMmentioning

confidence: 99%

Explosive Welding of Titanium/Stainless Steel by Controlling Energetic Conditions

et al. 2006

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Commercially pure titanium and 304 stainless steel were welded using explosive welding technique. The joints were evaluated using optical microscope, scanning electron microscope, energy dispersive spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. The study indicates the formation of characteristic interfacial oscillations with vortices at high energetic conditions. The reacted products of the vortices have been identified as FeTi and Fe 2 Ti intermetallics by X-ray diffraction. Increase in the kinetic energy spent at the interface cause the volume of vortices to increase. Smooth wavy and flat topography has been obtained for thin flyer plates due to less kinetic energy loss. The results demonstrate a good welding interface for multi-layered welding using a thin stainless steel interlayer, as the kinetic energy dissipation at the interface was less.

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“…He advanced no explanation for the ripple effect in the paper, saying [199]: "…the objects for which this station [the Torpedo Station, Newport, RI, USA] does not embrace the carrying on of researches for purely theoretical purposes…" It appears that this wave effect was not investigated (or if it was, the studies were not well known [200]) as in 1954 Allen et al reported such an effect on the end of a steel cylinder fired obliquely at a thin target [201] saying that "the mechanism responsible for production of these waves is somewhat obscure". However, after explosive welding was developed in the early 1960s [202][203][204][205][206], an explanation for this strikingly regular wave phenomenon was eventually given as a consequence of the rapid flow of material across a solid surface [207][208][209][210][211][212].…”

Section: Blastmentioning

confidence: 99%

Highways and Byways in the History of High Rate Mechanical Testing

Walley

2020

J. dynamic behavior mater.

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Up until the Industrial Revolution, the dynamic mechanical properties of materials were only of importance in warfare, particularly after the powder-driven gun was invented. With the invention of the steam engine, the explosion of steam boilers (which is similar to the explosion of cannon) became a concern. When railways began to be built, the lack of knowledge of the dynamic properties of the iron alloys used in rails and railway bridges was understood to be a problem, but no way of measuring them was devised until the end of the nineteenth century. Ingenious mechanical (and later electromechanical) methods of recording signals onto rotating drums or moving smoked glass plates began to be developed from the middle of the nineteenth century onwards. Optical/photographic methods of recording information from dynamic experiments date from the 1890s. The rod-on-anvil technique (later named after Taylor) was developed in France at the beginning of the twentieth century but not mathematically analysed until the 1940s. The Hopkinson pressure bar was invented just before the start of the First World War and found to be useful in improving British artillery shells. It was then forgotten about until the Second World War when a two-bar version was developed for measuring the dynamic properties of soft materials such as explosives and polyethylene. As the story of high rate mechanical testing from about 1950 onwards is quite well known to the high rate testing community, this date is taken as the end point of this article. Keywords Isaac Newton • Ballistics • Taylor impact • Hopkinson bar • Spall • Adiabatic shear band Note on Imperial Units of Measurement Some quotes in this article are taken from British and American sources where Imperial Units of length and weight were used. For those unfamiliar with these units, the (approximate) conversion factors to the metric system are as follows: 1 in. is 25 mm; 1 ft. (= 12 in.) is 305 mm; 1 lb (abbreviation lb.) is 0.45 kg; 1 (British) ton (= 2240 lbs) is 1008 kg).

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Fundamentals, of explosive welding

Cited by 23 publications

References 4 publications

Weldability window and the effect of interface morphology on the properties of Al/Cu/Al laminated composites fabricated by explosive welding

Weldability window and the effect of interface morphology on the properties of Al/Cu/Al laminated composites fabricated by explosive welding

Explosive Welding of Titanium/Stainless Steel by Controlling Energetic Conditions

Highways and Byways in the History of High Rate Mechanical Testing

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