Fundamental Structure and Properties of Enamel, Dentin and Cementum

Shahmoradi, Mahdi; Bertassoni, Luiz E.; Elfallah, Hunida M.; Swain, Michael V.

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-53980-0_17

Cited by 28 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…Shahmoradi et al [22] recently presented a very nice review of the structure and properties of the cementum, dentin and enamel. The present effort is focused on the dentin and enamel, in essence the “load bearing” tissues, and aspects important to their durability.…”

Section: Important Components Of Structurementioning

confidence: 99%

The Tooth

Arola

Gao

Hai

et al. 2017

Dental Clinics of North America

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Synopsis This article provides a brief review of recent investigations concerning the structure and properties of the tooth. The last decade has brought a greater emphasis on the “durability” of the tooth, an improved understanding of the fatigue and fracture behavior of the principal tissues and their importance to tooth failures. The primary contributions to tooth durability are discussed, including the process of placing a restoration, the impact of aging, and challenges posed by the oral environment. The significance of these findings to the dental community, and their importance to the pursuit of lifelong oral health are highlighted.

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Section: Important Components Of Structurementioning

confidence: 99%

The Tooth

Arola

Gao

Hai

et al. 2017

Dental Clinics of North America

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“…Enamel is the outer layer that surrounds the dentin in the crown area and cementum is the outer layer of the root area [24]. Specifically, the enamel is the hardest tissue in the body made up of 96 wt % inorganic materials, for the main part carbonated hydroxyapatite (HA) crystals and with traces of sodium, magnesium, chlorine, carbonate, potassium, and fluoride [24]. The enamel has an acellular and avascular structure, able to remineralize but without the capability to regenerate or repair itself.…”

Section: Orofacial Structuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The enamel has an acellular and avascular structure, able to remineralize but without the capability to regenerate or repair itself. Dentin is hydrated tissue consisting of 50 vol % of carbonated HA minerals, 30 vol % of collagen and noncollagenous molecules, and 20 % of water [24]. Cementum is a mineralized avascular connective tissue, similar in composition to bone composed of 65 wt % of carbonated HA minerals, 23 wt % of organic matrix, and 23 wt % of water.…”

Section: Orofacial Structuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cementum is a mineralized avascular connective tissue, similar in composition to bone composed of 65 wt % of carbonated HA minerals, 23 wt % of organic matrix, and 23 wt % of water. The organic substance consists in proteoglycans and glycoproteins for the amorphous part and in collagen fibers for the structured one [24]. Dental pulp is a mucous connective tissue composed of amorphous gelatinous ground substance rich in glycoproteins, proteoglycans, and glycosaminoglycans (mostly hyaluronic acid).…”

Section: Orofacial Structuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biodegradable polymers for dental tissue engineering and regeneration

Conte¹,

Riccitiello²,

Luise³

et al. 2017

Biodegradable Polymers: Recent Developments and New Perspectives

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“…Considering the TMR images and assuming the homogeneous structure of the enamel and dentin which is mainly composed of uniform hydroxyapatite crystals, 16 the noise-free images were expected to have a smooth and non-textural appearance (Figure 1).…”

Section: Image Denoisingmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comparative study of new and current methods for dental micro-CT image denoising

Shahmoradi¹,

Lashgari²,

Rabbani³

et al. 2016

Dentomaxillofacial Radiology

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Objectives:The aim of the current study was to evaluate the application of two advanced noise-reduction algorithms for dental micro-CT images and to implement a comparative analysis of the performance of new and current denoising algorithms. Methods: Denoising was performed using gaussian and median filters as the current filtering approaches and the block-matching and three-dimensional (BM3D) method and total variation method as the proposed new filtering techniques. The performance of the denoising methods was evaluated quantitatively using contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR), edge preserving index (EPI) and blurring indexes, as well as qualitatively using the double-stimulus continuous quality scale procedure. Results: The BM3D method had the best performance with regard to preservation of fine textural features (CNR Edge ), non-blurring of the whole image (blurring index), the clinical visual score in images with very fine features and the overall visual score for all types of images. On the other hand, the total variation method provided the best results with regard to smoothing of images in texture-free areas (CNR Tex-free ) and in preserving the edges and borders of image features (EPI). Conclusions: The BM3D method is the most reliable technique for denoising dental micro-CT images with very fine textural details, such as shallow enamel lesions, in which the preservation of the texture and fine features is of the greatest importance. On the other hand, the total variation method is the technique of choice for denoising images without very fine textural details in which the clinician or researcher is interested mainly in anatomical features and structural measurements. Dentomaxillofacial Radiology (2016Radiology ( ) 45, 20150302. doi: 10.1259 Cite this article as: Shahmoradi M, Lashgari M, Rabbani H, Qin J, Swain M. A comparative study of new and current methods for dental micro-CT image denoising. Dentomaxillofac Radiol 2016; 45: 20150302.

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Fundamental Structure and Properties of Enamel, Dentin and Cementum

Cited by 28 publications

References 63 publications

The Tooth

The Tooth

Biodegradable polymers for dental tissue engineering and regeneration

A comparative study of new and current methods for dental micro-CT image denoising

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