Fundamental size limitations of micro four-point probes

Ansbæk, Thor; Petersen, Dirch Hjorth; Hansen, Ole; Larsen, Jørgen Hannover; Hansen, Tony; Bøggild, Peter

doi:10.1016/j.mee.2008.11.029

Cited by 14 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Our best fit contact radii (r 0 ), while technically representing a method-specific parameter rather than any useful sample-probe interaction, are nevertheless consistent with scanning electron microscopy estimates (e.g., Ref. 19).…”

Section: B Determination Of Thermal Propertiessupporting

confidence: 86%

“…Traditionally, the unintentional generation of Joule heat during electrical microprobing has been mitigated via, e.g., measurement at sufficiently low 14,18 or transient/pulsed currents 17 and/or via optimization of the probing geometry. 18,19 In a recent paradigm shift, we demonstrated 9 that the seemingly undesired heating at such scales is highly reproducible and may be intentionally amplified in order to quantify the thermal properties of the material stack under test. Figure 1 summarizes the key highlights from Ref.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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3ω correction method for eliminating resistance measurement error due to Joule heating

Guralnik

Hansen

Henrichsen³

et al. 2021

Review of Scientific Instruments

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Electrical four-terminal sensing at (sub-)micrometer scales enables the characterization of key electromagnetic properties within the semiconductor industry, including materials' resistivity, Hall mobility/carrier density, and magnetoresistance. However, as devices' critical dimensions continue to shrink, significant over/underestimation of properties due to a by-product Joule heating of the probed volume becomes increasingly common. Here, we demonstrate how self-heating effects can be quantified and compensated for via 3ω signals to yield zero-current transfer resistance. Under further assumptions, these signals can be used to characterize selected thermal properties of the probed volume, such as the temperature coefficient of resistance and/or the Seebeck coefficient.

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Section: B Determination Of Thermal Propertiessupporting

confidence: 86%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

3ω correction method for eliminating resistance measurement error due to Joule heating

Guralnik

Hansen

Henrichsen³

et al. 2021

Review of Scientific Instruments

Self Cite

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show abstract

“…The four probes were placed in a straight line at equal distance from one another on the sample. During the test, a current was passed through the two outer probes and the potential difference measured across the two inner probes was used to calculate the resistance value [32]. The thickness was measured with a confocal microscope (Carl Zeiss: Axio CSM 700, Jena, Germany) to convert resistance into resistivity.…”

Section: Solid Fraction Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Valorization of Waste Tires by Pyrolysis and Activation Processes

et al. 2021

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The problems related to the increase in the generation of discarded tires demonstrate the need for profitable, efficient, cost-effective, and sustainable processes for their waste management. In particular, the valorization of pyrolytic solids for energy storage applications is of interest. In this study, four processes were performed: (1) pyrolysis; (2) chemical activation and pyrolysis; (3) pyrolysis and physical activation; and (4) chemical activation, pyrolysis, and physical activation. The process consisting of chemical activation, pyrolysis, and physical activation yielded 52% solid material with the highest electrical conductivity (2.43 Ω–1 cm–1) and a surface area of 339 m2/g with an average pore size of 3.6 nm. In addition, it was found that pore size had a greater effect on the conductivity than surface area. Liquid and gas fraction compositions were modified by the presence of chemical activation: aromatization reactions were favored, and limonene was not observed in the liquid fraction, while an increase on the CH4 concentration caused an increment in the heating value of the gas fraction. It was demonstrated that chemical and physical activation enhance the properties of the pyrolytic solid product derived from waste tires that make it suitable for the partial substitution of materials for electric energy storage applications.

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“…In this paper, the direct current (DC) electrical resistance conductivities of the BP sensors were obtained using commercial four-probe resistance measuring apparatus (RTS-8, 4 PROBESTECH, China), which is an established method for measuring the electrical properties of solids and thin lms in material science. 23,24 The relative resistance change DR/R 0 is used to describe the sensitivity of the BP sensors, where DR and R 0 are resistance change and initial resistance at room temperature. The initial electrical resistance of the BP sensor was 2.26 U.…”

Section: Piezoresistivity Evaluation Of the Bp Sensors In Resin Phasementioning

confidence: 99%

Real time monitoring of the curing degree and the manufacturing process of fiber reinforced composites with a carbon nanotube buckypaper sensor

Zhao

Zhang

et al. 2018

RSC Adv.

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) of the temperature coefficient of resistance was determined. Experimental results also show that a stable three-dimensional network of resin molecular chains is formed and that the polymer presents a glassy state when the value of the temperature coefficient of resistance is greater than the critical value. Based on this relationship, a hypothesis was raised that for the complete curing of the resin, the temperature coefficient of resistance of the buckypaper sensor should meet the critical value condition, which was also consistent with the differential scanning calorimetry testing of the curing degree. The buckypaper sensor was found to be sensitive to the curing degree of the resin, and has a promising future in applications in composite manufacturing processes. Moreover, the properties of composite components are indeed able to be improved via the monitoring and optimization of the curing parameters.

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Fundamental size limitations of micro four-point probes

Cited by 14 publications

References 14 publications

3ω correction method for eliminating resistance measurement error due to Joule heating

3ω correction method for eliminating resistance measurement error due to Joule heating

Valorization of Waste Tires by Pyrolysis and Activation Processes

Real time monitoring of the curing degree and the manufacturing process of fiber reinforced composites with a carbon nanotube buckypaper sensor

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