The management and valorization of residual organic matter, such as sewage sludge and manure, is gaining interest because of the increasing volume of these residues, their localized generation and the related problems. The anaerobic digestion of mixtures of sewage sludge and manure could be performed due to the similarities between both residues. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the feasibility of the co-pyrolysis of sewage sludge (SS) and digested manure (DM) as a potential management technology for these residues. Pyrolysis of a sewage sludge/manure blend (50:50%) was performed at 525°C in a stirred batch reactor under N atmosphere. The product yields and some characteristics of the product were analyzed and compared to the results obtained in the pyrolysis of pure residues. Potential synergetic and antagonist effects during the co-pyrolysis process were evaluated. Although sewage sludge and manure seem similar in nature, there are differences in their pyrolysis product properties and distribution due to their distinct ash and organic matter composition. For the co-pyrolysis of SS and DM, the product yields did not show noticeable synergistic effects with the exception of the yields of organic compounds, being slightly higher than the predicted average, and the H yield, being lower than expected. Co-pyrolysis of SS and DM could be a feasible management alternative for these residues in locations where both residues are generated, since the benefits and the drawbacks of the co-pyrolysis are similar to those of the pyrolysis of each residue.

A procedure to analyze sewage sludge (SS) pyrolysis liquids based on solvent fractionation has been developed. Pyrolysis liquids are separated into three different fractions: heptane soluble (Hep‐sol), dichloromethane soluble (DCM‐sol), and hydrochloric acid soluble (HCl‐sol). Diverse techniques (GC‐MS, UPLC‐TOF‐MS) were employed to qualitatively and quantitatively analyze liquid fractions to assess the potential production of value‐added chemicals. Aliphatic hydrocarbons, aliphatic nitriles, and steroids were mostly separated in the Hep‐sol fraction, phenols and fatty acids in the DCM‐sol fraction, and carboxylic acids and amides in the HCl‐sol fraction. The largest production was obtained for ammonia (10–14 kg per tonne of SS) and α‐olefins (8–9 kg per tonne of SS). The potential production of some of these value‐added chemicals from SS pyrolysis liquid was compared with their current European production. In the case of α‐olefins, 16 % of their European production could be achieved by SS pyrolysis.

The problems related to the increase in the generation of discarded tires demonstrate the need for profitable, efficient, cost-effective, and sustainable processes for their waste management. In particular, the valorization of pyrolytic solids for energy storage applications is of interest. In this study, four processes were performed: (1) pyrolysis; (2) chemical activation and pyrolysis; (3) pyrolysis and physical activation; and (4) chemical activation, pyrolysis, and physical activation. The process consisting of chemical activation, pyrolysis, and physical activation yielded 52% solid material with the highest electrical conductivity (2.43 Ω–1 cm–1) and a surface area of 339 m2/g with an average pore size of 3.6 nm. In addition, it was found that pore size had a greater effect on the conductivity than surface area. Liquid and gas fraction compositions were modified by the presence of chemical activation: aromatization reactions were favored, and limonene was not observed in the liquid fraction, while an increase on the CH4 concentration caused an increment in the heating value of the gas fraction. It was demonstrated that chemical and physical activation enhance the properties of the pyrolytic solid product derived from waste tires that make it suitable for the partial substitution of materials for electric energy storage applications.

No abstract

No abstract

En el presente trabajo se analiza la composición de la fase acuosa obtenida en la pirólisis de fracción sólida digerida, llevada a cabo por etapas y a baja temperatura.

En este trabajo se propone un proceso de activación química del purín mediante ácido sulfúrico para recuperar el fósforo contenido en el residuo, y, al mismo tiempo, mejorar las propiedades adsorbentes del producto sólido de la pirólisis. Se pretende evaluar el efecto de dicha etapa de activación sobre las propiedades combustibles de los productos líquido y gaseoso obtenidos en la pirólisis de purines.