Functionalized mesoporous bioactive glass scaffolds for enhanced bone tissue regeneration

Abstract

Mesoporous bioactive glass (MBG), which possesses excellent bioactivity, biocompatibility and osteoconductivity, has played an important role in bone tissue regeneration. However, it is difficult to prepare MBG scaffolds with high compressive strength for applications in bone regeneration; this difficulty has greatly hindered its development and use. To solve this problem, a simple powder processing technique has been successfully developed to fabricate a novel type of MBG scaffold (MBGS). Furthermore, amino or carboxylic groups could be successfully grafted onto MBGSs (denoted as N-MBGS and C-MBGS, respectively) through a post-grafting process. It was revealed that both MBGS and the functionalized MBGSs could significantly promote the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of bMSCs. Due to its positively charged surface, N-MBGS presented the highest in vitro osteogenic capability of the three samples. Moreover, in vivo testing results demonstrated that N-MBGS could promote higher levels of bone regeneration compared with MBGS and C-MBGS. In addition to its surface characteristics, it is believed that the decreased degradation rate of N-MBGS plays a vital role in promoting bone regeneration. These findings indicate that MBGSs are promising materials with potential practical applications in bone regeneration, which can be successfully fabricated by combining a powder processing technique and post-grafting process.

Bioactive glass-based materials with hierarchical porosity for medical applications: Review of recent advances

“…Zhang et al [83] also grafted amino and carboxylic groups onto MBG scaffolds fabricated by using poly(ethylene glycol) as a macropore template. The scaffolds exhibited hierarchical porosity (macropores in the range of 100-300 lm and mesopores with size around 4 nm, total porosity 70 vol.…”

Biomaterials and scaffolds in the medical-surgical area

“…The characteristics pursued in this type of tissue, due to their main function within the eye lens apparatus, are good biocompatibility, high optical clarity, resistance to surgical manipulation and immunogenic properties. In their study, Zhang et al (2016b) compared scaffold preparations from fresh porcine corneas treated with 0.5% sodium dodecylsulfate (SDS) to an acellular porcine cornea matrix to subsequently be treated with fibroblasts and human corneal epithelial cells (both autograft as an allograft) to establish more than 10 layers on the scaffold. The anterior lamellar replacement of the cornea can be reconstructed by culturing human corneal epithelial cells and fibroblasts in an acellular porcine cornea matrix, a viable therapeutic option.…”

“…With respect to the above, it has been shown that -NH2 can induce the osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells (Curran et al, 2005). Zhang et al (2016b) fabricated a new type of MBG scaffold with amino group grafting (N-MBG) and carboxylic groups (C-MBG), comparing their performance in osteogenic differentiation against stromal cells from the rabbit bone marrow. Due to the positively charged surface, N-MBG presented greater osteogenic capacity in vitro, in addition to promoting higher levels of regeneration with a lower rate of degradation.…”

Fabrication of large-pore mesoporous Ca-Si-based bioceramics for bone regeneration

“…23 ALP staining and activity were measured as previously described. 24 ALP staining was investigated according to the instructions of the kit (Beyotime, Haimen, People's Republic of China). The ALP activity of DPCs seeded onto LPMS and LPMSCs was quantified by utilizing p-nitrophenylphosphate (SigmaAldrich Co., St Louis, MO, USA).…”