Fabrication of large-pore mesoporous Ca-Si-based bioceramics for bone regeneration

Abstract

Our previous study revealed that mesoporous Ca-Si-based materials exhibited excellent osteoconduction because dissolved ions could form a layer of hydroxycarbonate apatite on the surface of the materials. However, the biological mechanisms underlying bone regeneration were largely unknown. The main aim of this study was to evaluate the osteogenic ability of large-pore mesoporous Ca-Si-based bioceramics (LPMSCs) by alkaline phosphatase assay, real-time PCR analysis, von Kossa, and alizarin red assay. Compared with large-pore mesoporous silica (LPMS), LPMSCs had a better effect on the osteogenic differentiation of dental pulp cells. LPMSC-2 and LPMSC-3 with higher calcium possessed better osteogenic abilities than LPMSC-1, which may be related to the calcium-sensing receptor pathway. Furthermore, the loading capacity for recombinant human platelet-derived growth factor-BB was satisfactory in LPMSCs. In vivo, the areas of new bone formation in the calvarial defect repair were increased in the LPMSC-2 and LPMSC-3 groups compared with the LPMSC-1 and LPMS groups. We concluded that LPMSC-2 and LPMSC-3 possessed both excellent osteogenic abilities and satisfactory loading capacities, which may be attributed to their moderate Ca/Si molar ratio. Therefore, LPMSCs with moderate Ca/Si molar ratio might be potential alterative grafts for craniomaxillofacial bone regeneration.

Effect of Artemisinin-Loaded Mesoporous Cerium-Doped Calcium Silicate Nanopowder on Cell Proliferation of Human Periodontal Ligament Fibroblasts

“…Calcium-doped mesoporous materials exhibit improved properties such as a stable mesh structure, high surface area and high bioactivity [ 4 , 5 , 6 ]. Both calcium and silicate ions can promote bone regeneration and increase bone mineral density in vivo [ 7 , 8 , 9 ], while a few studies have unraveled the effectiveness of bioactive mesoporous calcium-silicate nanoparticles on the apical sealing of teeth root canals [ 10 ] and the odontogenic differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells [ 11 ].…”

Replacement Process of Carbonate Apatite by Alveolar Bone in a Rat Extraction Socket

“…In addition, because osteoclasts were observed around the bone filling material and throughout the extraction socket with TRAP staining, CO 3 Ap absorption occurs simultaneously in the entire sample. This is clearly different from the bone replacement of other materials that occur from the margins [ 43 , 44 ], and the material may be quickly replaced by bone.…”

Lactobacillus Fermentum ZS40 prevents secondary osteoporosis in Wistar Rat

“…The proximal tibia femur was embedded in paraffin, sectioned, stained with tartrate‐resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP), and observed on a BX43 microscope (Olympus). The number of osteoclasts with three or more nuclei was counted in six randomly selected fields, and the average was calculated to represent the number of osteoclasts in each histological section (Zeng et al., 2017).…”