Functional Coatings or Films for Hard-Tissue Applications

Abstract

Metallic biomaterials like stainless steel, Co-based alloy, Ti and its alloys are widely used as artificial hip joints, bone plates and dental implants due to their excellent mechanical properties and endurance. However, there are some surface-originated problems associated with the metallic implants: corrosion and wear in biological environments resulting in ions release and formation of wear debris; poor implant fixation resulting from lack of osteoconductivity and osteoinductivity; implant-associated infections due to the bacterial adhesion and colonization at the implantation site. For overcoming these surface-originated problems, a variety of surface modification techniques have been used on metallic implants, including chemical treatments, physical methods and biological methods. This review surveys coatings that serve to provide properties of anti-corrosion and anti-wear, biocompatibility and bioactivity, and antibacterial activity.

Ceramics and ceramic coatings in orthopaedics

“…[217,321,407,408]. Even though they are under significant compressive stress because of their growth processes (up to 3.5 GPa), none undergo phase transformation during use [409]. Similarly, OxZr exists predominately as m-ZrO 2 because its oxidation temperature is below the t → m transition.…”

Structural, mechanical and in vitro studies on pulsed laser deposition of hydroxyapatite on additive manufactured polyamide substrate

“…The diffraction pattern [ Figure 4 (inset)] confirms that the formation of HA with sharp diffraction at a 2θ value of 32.62°, 34.58° and 36.47° corresponds to the relative intensity of diffraction of standard data (ICSD 087727). Furthermore, sharper and narrow peaks indicate that the layer reaches maximum crystallinity which may facilitate better bone-tissue integration and osseointegration [52] . Substrate effect has been observed at 2θ = 21.24° due to some voids and pores on the coated surface.…”

Evaluation of the mechanical and corrosion protection performance of electrodeposited hydroxyapatite on the high energy electron beam treated titanium alloy

“…HAP exhibits excellent biocompatibility and bioactivity due to its chemical and structural similarities to bone and tooth minerals [4]. The bioactive HAP coating on metallic materials is proven to be efficient for better biocompatibility, bone bonding ability and osteointegrity [5][6][7][8][9][10][11]. Enormous numbers of papers have been reported on the different coating methods of HAP on metallic substrates which include plasma spraying [12], pulsed laser deposition [13], ion implantation [14], sputtering [15], sol-gel [16], biomimetic [17] and electrodeposition method [18][19][20][21][22].…”