Functional characterization of an aluminum (Al)‐inducible transcription factor, <scp>ART</scp>2, revealed a different pathway for Al tolerance in rice

Che, Jianfei; Tsutsui, Tomokazu; Yokosho, Kengo; Yamaji, Naoki; Feng, Jian

doi:10.1111/nph.15252

Cited by 46 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…In previous works by others, the cellular localization of Arabidopsis STOP1 and STOP1 homologs was assessed by transient expression in onion cells, Arabidopsis protoplasts, protoplasts derived from rice callus, tobacco leaves or Nicotiana benthamiana leaves. In all these assays, the STOP1 proteins, fused to the GFP, were localized in the nucleus (Sawaki et al ., , ; Yamaji et al ., ; Fan et al ., ; Wang et al ., ; Che et al ., ; Daspute et al ., ; Huang et al ., ; Wu et al ., ). In these assays, the growth media used were not Pi deficient or particularly enriched in Fe or Al 3+ .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Under phosphate starvation conditions, Fe and Al trigger accumulation of the transcription factor STOP1 in the nucleus of Arabidopsis root cells

et al. 2019

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Summary Low‐phosphate (Pi) conditions are known to repress primary root growth of Arabidopsis at low pH and in an Fe‐dependent manner. This growth arrest requires accumulation of the transcription factor STOP1 in the nucleus, where it activates the transcription of the malate transporter gene ALMT1; exuded malate is suspected to interact with extracellular Fe to inhibit root growth. In addition, ALS3 – an ABC‐like transporter identified for its role in tolerance to toxic Al – represses nuclear accumulation of STOP1 and the expression of ALMT1. Until now it was unclear whether Pi deficiency itself or Fe activates the accumulation of STOP1 in the nucleus. Here, by using different growth media to dissociate the effects of Fe from Pi deficiency itself, we demonstrate that Fe is sufficient to trigger the accumulation of STOP1 in the nucleus, which, in turn, activates the expression of ALMT1. We also show that a low pH is necessary to stimulate the Fe‐dependent accumulation of nuclear STOP1. Furthermore, pharmacological experiments indicate that Fe inhibits proteasomal degradation of STOP1. We also show that Al acts like Fe for nuclear accumulation of STOP1 and ALMT1 expression, and that the overaccumulation of STOP1 in the nucleus of the als3 mutant grown in low‐Pi conditions could be abolished by Fe deficiency. Altogether, our results indicate that, under low‐Pi conditions, Fe2/3+ and Al3+ act similarly to increase the stability of STOP1 and its accumulation in the nucleus where it activates the expression of ALMT1.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Under phosphate starvation conditions, Fe and Al trigger accumulation of the transcription factor STOP1 in the nucleus of Arabidopsis root cells

et al. 2019

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“…In high Al accumulating species like buckwheat, it has been shown that most of the ART1-regulated gene homologs were not differentially regulated in response to high Al levels 42 . ART2, which is a homolog of ART1 has also been reported to regulate Al toxicity tolerance albeit with a different set of genes 43 . These genes were also not differentially regulated in AR genotype.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Root transcriptome reveals efficient cell signaling and energy conservation key to aluminum toxicity tolerance in acidic soil adapted rice genotype

Tyagi

Yumnam

Sen

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Aluminium (Al) toxicity is the single most important contributing factor constraining crop productivity in acidic soils. Hydroponics based screening of three rice genotypes, a tolerant (ARR09, AR), a susceptible (IR 1552, IR) and an acid soil adapted landrace (Theruvii, TH) revealed that AR accumulates less Al and shows minimum decrease in shoot and root biomass under Al toxicity conditions when compared with IR. Transcriptome data generated on roots (grown in presence or absence of Al) led to identification of ~1500 transcripts per genotype with percentage annotation ranging from 21.94% (AR) to 29.94% (TH). A total of 511, 804 and 912 DEGs were identified in genotypes AR, IR and TH, respectively. IR showed upregulation of transcripts involved in exergonic processes. AR appears to conserve energy by downregulating key genes of glycolysis pathway and maintaining transcript levels of key exergonic step enzymes under Al stress. The tolerance in AR appears to be as a result of novel mechanism as none of the reported Al toxicity genes or QTLs overlap with significant DEGs. Components of signal transduction and regulatory machinery like transcripts encoding zinc finger protein, calcieurin binding protein and cell wall associated transcripts are among the highly upregulated DEGs in AR, suggesting increased and better signal transduction in response to Al stress in tolerant rice. Sequencing of NRAT1 and glycine-rich protein A3 revealed distinct haplotype for indica type AR. The newly identified components of Al tolerance will help in designing molecular breeding tools to enhance rice productivity in acidic soils.www.nature.com/scientificreports www.nature.com/scientificreports/ downregulated, respectively. Similarly, 804 DEGs were identified in IR, out of which 219 were upregulated and 368 were downregulated. In the case of TH, out of a total of 912 DEGs, only 37 transcripts showed significant upregulation in presence of Al 3+ (Fig. 2B). Scientific RepoRtS |(2020) 10:4580 | https://doi. Validation of selected up-regulated DEGs by Q-PCR.A set of 15 genes were randomly selected and validated by qRT-PCR analysis in three biological replicates for confirming the results obtained from DEG analysis. The analysis revealed similar expression pattern for all the selected genes in qPCR analysis as observed from RNA-seq data. The statistical analysis also showed significant association (r 2 = 0.78) between the results of qPCR and RNA-seq data analyses (Fig. 2C).Scientific RepoRtS | (2020) 10:4580 | https://doi.National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) was used for BLASTx 56 (E value ≤0.00001; annotation cutoff = 55; GO weight = 5). The transcriptome for the three genotypes was analyzed for a) DEGs and b) transcripts which were specific to the Al concentration (treatment (0.54 mM Al 3+ )).

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“…These included OsSTAR1 , OsSTAR2 , OsNrat1 , OsALS1 , OsMGT1 , OsFRDL4 , and OsFRDL2 , which are discussed above as rice Al tolerance genes [39,40,65,66,67,98]. The other three genes are OsCDT3 , OsEXPA10, and OsART2 [59,62,63]. OsCDT3 is a small cysteine-rich peptide localized on the plasma membrane and may prevent Al entry into root cells through direct Al binding, therefore, contributing to rice Al tolerance [62].…”

Section: Transcriptional Regulation Of Al Tolerance Genesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…OsART2, a homolog of OsART1, is highly induced by Al. The knockout of OsART2 resulted in increased sensitivity to Al in rice [59]. However, OsART2 contributes more modestly to Al tolerance than OsART1.…”

Section: Transcriptional Regulation Of Al Tolerance Genesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Mechanisms for Coping with Al Toxicity in Plants

Zhang

Long

Huang

et al. 2019

IJMS

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Aluminum (Al) toxicity is one of the major constraints to agricultural production in acid soils. Molecular mechanisms of coping with Al toxicity have now been investigated in a range of plant species. Two main mechanisms of Al tolerance in plants are Al exclusion from the roots and the ability to tolerate Al in the roots. This review focuses on the recent discovery of novel genes and mechanisms that confer Al tolerance in plants and summarizes our understanding of the physiological, genetic, and molecular basis for plant Al tolerance. We hope this review will provide a theoretical basis for the genetic improvement of Al tolerance in plants.

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Functional characterization of an aluminum (Al)‐inducible transcription factor, ART2, revealed a different pathway for Al tolerance in rice

Cited by 46 publications

References 57 publications

Under phosphate starvation conditions, Fe and Al trigger accumulation of the transcription factor STOP1 in the nucleus of Arabidopsis root cells

Under phosphate starvation conditions, Fe and Al trigger accumulation of the transcription factor STOP1 in the nucleus of Arabidopsis root cells

Root transcriptome reveals efficient cell signaling and energy conservation key to aluminum toxicity tolerance in acidic soil adapted rice genotype

Molecular Mechanisms for Coping with Al Toxicity in Plants

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