Functional and Bioactive Properties of Peptides Derived from Marine Side Streams

Abstract

In fish processing, a great amount of side streams, including skin, bones, heads and viscera, is wasted or downgraded as feed on a daily basis. These side streams are rich sources of bioactive nitrogenous compounds and protein, which can be converted into peptides through enzymatic hydrolysis as well as bacterial fermentation. Peptides are short or long chains of amino acids differing in structure and molecular weight. They can be considered as biologically active as they can contribute to physiological functions in organisms with applications in the food and pharmaceutical industries. In the food industry, such bioactive peptides can be used as preservatives or antioxidants to prevent food spoilage. Furthermore, peptides contain several functional qualities that can be exploited as tools in modifying food ingredient solubility, water-holding and fat-binding capacity and gel formation. In the pharmaceutical industry, peptides can be used as antioxidants, but also as antihypertensive, anticoagulant and immunomodulatory compounds, amongst other functions. On the basis of their properties, peptides can thus be used in the development of functional foods and nutraceuticals. This review focuses on the bioactive peptides derived from seafood side streams and discusses their technological properties, biological activities and applications.

Farmed Gilthead Sea Bream (Sparus aurata) by-Products Valorization: Viscera Oil ω-3 Enrichment by Short-Path Distillation and In Vitro Bioactivity Evaluation

“…In this context, the use of fisheries and aquaculture by-products and wastes as raw material can be an important resource that still contains a large amount of components with high nutritional value, such as ω-3 PUFA [7,16,[26][27][28][29][30][31][32].…”

Salmon (Salmo salar) Side Streams as a Bioresource to Obtain Potential Antioxidant Peptides after Applying Pressurized Liquid Extraction (PLE)

“…Salmon side streams also showed relevant levels of essential amino acids (21-35%) as well as oleic acid (39-42%) and omega-3 fatty acids (19-21%) [5,6]. In addition, peptides with functional and bioactive properties are also found in several marine side streams [7][8][9]. For instance, peptides from salmon trimmings and pectoral fins have exhibited antihypertensive and antioxidant activities [4,10].…”

A Review on Health-Promoting, Biological, and Functional Aspects of Bioactive Peptides in Food Applications

“…Seafood is also an important source of derived antioxidant peptides [ 76 ]. In this regard, many researches have produced antioxidant peptides from protein hydrolysates of different marine sources such as blue mussel [ 77 ], jumbo squid [ 78 ], tuna [ 79 ], oyster [ 30 ], scad [ 80 ], cod [ 16 ], yellow stripe trevally [ 9 ], and microalgae [ 35 ].…”