Function and Teleology

Garson, Justin

doi:10.1002/9780470696590.ch28

Cited by 18 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 73 publications

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“…Selanjutnya, pada Gambar 1 diperlihatkan adanya hubungan kausal (sebab-akibat) antar dua peubah yang ditunjukkan oleh gambar "panah kepala satu", dan hubungan korelasi yang ditunjukkan oleh gambar "panah kepala dua" (Antonakis et al, 2010;Garson, 2008), yang lebih menjelaskan lagi bahwa antara keduanya memang berbeda makna.…”

Section: Analisis Lintasan Bertahapunclassified

Seleksi Karakter Vegetatif yang Berpengaruh terhadap Jumlah Bunga dan Buah Kakao pada Agroekosistem Iklim Kering, Nusa Tenggara Timur

Wardiana¹,

Rubiyo

2016

BPN

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The growth and development of cacao during dry climate differ with there in wet climatic agroecosystems. In other side, information about interrelation among plant characters is needed for plant selection programs. The objectives of this research was to analyze the vegetative characters and number of flowers and fruits of cacao in dry climatic agroecosystems, Nusa Tenggara Timur (NTT), by using sequential path analysis (SPA) and structural equation modeling (SEM). The research was conducted in dry climatic agroecosystems at KP Maumere, NTT, with altitude 50 m above sea levels and sandy loam texture of soil, beginning from Januari until December 2013. The observation method was used in this study with two stages sampling procedures, purposive and simple random respectively, on the population of six cacao clones planted polyclonally in single rows in December 2011 with Gliricidae and Musa spp. as shading plants. Variable observed were twelve of vegetative characters, number of flowers and fruits per tree. Data were analyzed by using correlation, sequential path analysis (SPA) and structural equation modeling (SEM). Results showed that plant height, diameter and number of secondary branches positively and directly affected of 29, 45, and 80% respectively on the number of flowers per tree, whereas the diameter of primary branches negatively influenced of 72%. Number of flowers and diameter of secondary branches positively and directly affected of 32 and 37% respectively on the number of fruits per tree.Keywords: cacao, dry climate, selection, sequential path analysis, structural equation model. ABSTRAKPertumbuhan dan perkembangan tanaman kakao pada agroekosistem iklim kering berbeda dengan pertumbuhan dan perkembangan pada iklim basah. Di sisi lain, keterkaitan antar karakter tanamannya diperlukan dalam program seleksi tanaman. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis karakter vegetatif yang berpengaruh terhadap jumlah bunga dan buah kakao pada agroekosistem iklim kering di Nusa Tenggara Timur (NTT), melalui pendekatan analisis lintasan bertahap (ALB) dan model persamaan struktural (MPS). Penelitian dilakukan di lahan kering beriklim kering, KP Maumere, NTT, pada ketinggian tempat sekitar 50 m dpl dengan tekstur tanah lempung berpasir, mulai Januari sampai Desember 2013. Metode yang digunakan ialah observasi terhadap populasi enam klon kakao yang ditanam bulan Desember 2011 secara poliklonal dalam barisan tunggal dengan tanaman glirisidia dan pisang sebagai tanaman penaung. Contoh tanaman ditentukan dalam dua tahap sampling, pertama secara purposif dan kedua secara acak sederhana. Peubah yang diamati meliputi 12 karakter vegetatif serta jumlah bunga dan buah per pohon. Data dianalisis melalui metode korelasi, ALB, dan MPS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada populasi tanaman kakao di agroekosistem iklim kering, KP Maumere, NTT, karakter tinggi tanaman, jumlah dan diameter cabang sekunder berpengaruh secara langsung dan positif terhadap jumlah bunga per pohon masing-masing sebesar 29, 45, dan 80%, sedangkan ...

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Section: Analisis Lintasan Bertahapunclassified

Seleksi Karakter Vegetatif yang Berpengaruh terhadap Jumlah Bunga dan Buah Kakao pada Agroekosistem Iklim Kering, Nusa Tenggara Timur

Wardiana¹,

Rubiyo

2016

BPN

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“…A brief and very partial overview of the emergence of the selected effects theory of function will be given for the purpose of motivating the importance of the distinction between neural selection and neural construction (see Garson 2008). This will be followed by an explication of the generalized selected effects theory of function (GSE).…”

Section: The Generalized Selected Effects Theory Of Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Function, selection, and construction in the brain

Garson

2012

Synthese

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A common misunderstanding of the selected effects theory of function is that natural selection operating over an evolutionary time scale is the only function-bestowing process in the natural world. This construal of the selected effects theory conflicts with the existence and ubiquity of neurobiological functions that are evolutionary novel, such as structures underlying reading ability. This conflict has suggested to some that, while the selected effects theory may be relevant to some areas of evolutionary biology, its relevance to neuroscience is marginal. This line of reasoning, however, neglects the fact that synapses, entire neurons, and potentially groups of neurons can undergo a type of selection analogous to natural selection operating over an evolutionary time scale. In the following, I argue that neural selection should be construed, by the selected effect theorist, as a distinct type of function-bestowing process in addition to natural selection.After explicating a generalized selected effects theory of function and distinguishing it from similar attempts to extend the selected effects theory, I do four things. First, I show how it allows one to identify neural selection as a distinct function-bestowing process, in contrast to other forms of neural structure formation such as neural construction. Second, I defend the view from one major criticism, and in so doing I clarify the content of the view. Third, I examine drug addiction to show the potential relevance of neural selection to neuroscientific and psychological research. Finally, I endorse a modest pluralism of function concepts within biology.

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“…Tourism has been most usually seen as a positive agent of change for many communities because of its potential for job creation, income generation, and enhanced community infrastructure [3,5,22]. However, while tourism development is usually justified on the basis of these positive benefits, it is often challenged on the grounds of socio-cultural and environmental devastation.…”

Section: Present State Of Tourism Development In Stari Gradmentioning

confidence: 99%

The attitudes of the island local community towards sustainable tourism development – the case of Stari Grad, island Hvar

Petri¹,

Prani²

2010

WIT Transactions on Ecology and the Environment

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Islands, as an outstanding nature's work of art, have traditionally been popular tourist destinations. Considering their fragile environment and pressure that tourism development poses upon their economy, environment, and people in general, achieving sustainable tourism development is a major challenge they face. Yet, little research focusing on understanding small islands' residents' attitudes towards tourism and its effects have been conducted in the literature so far. This is especially the case with Croatian islands' communities where tourism has been developed almost spontaneously and as such is taken for granted. To fill this gap, this study examines the residents' attitudes towards tourism development in the town of Stari Grad on the island of Hvar.

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Function and Teleology

Cited by 18 publications

References 73 publications

Seleksi Karakter Vegetatif yang Berpengaruh terhadap Jumlah Bunga dan Buah Kakao pada Agroekosistem Iklim Kering, Nusa Tenggara Timur

Seleksi Karakter Vegetatif yang Berpengaruh terhadap Jumlah Bunga dan Buah Kakao pada Agroekosistem Iklim Kering, Nusa Tenggara Timur

Function, selection, and construction in the brain

The attitudes of the island local community towards sustainable tourism development – the case of Stari Grad, island Hvar

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