Fumonisin concentrations in Brazilian feeds associated with field outbreaks of confirmed and suspected animal mycotoxicoses

Sydenham, Eric W.; Marasas, Walter F. O.; Shephard, Gordon S.; Thiel, Pieter G.; Hirooka, Elisa Yoko

doi:10.1021/jf00018a016

Cited by 123 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Two samples of corn consumed by the affected horses contained FB 1 (46 and 53 µg/g) and F. moniliforme. FB 1 (0.2-38.5 µg/g) and FB 2 (0.1-12.0 µg/g) were found in 20 and 18 samples, respectively, of 21 F. moniliforme-contaminated feed samples from Paraná associated with outbreaks of confirmed and suspected mycotoxicoses in various animal species (114). With the exception of one, all 26 F. moniliforme isolates from the feed samples were acutely toxic to ducklings and contained FB 1 and FB 2 at 65-4420 and 5-1380 µg/g, respectively.…”

Section: Toxic Effects and Mode Of Actionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Mycotoxin research in Brazil: the last decade in review

Rodriguez–Amaya

Sabino

2002

Braz. J. Microbiol.

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The number of research papers (128 papers) on mycotoxins published by Brazilian researchers in 1991-2000 surpassed the total number (85 papers) published in the preceding three decades . Thirty percent of the papers surveyed mycotoxins in foods and feeds. AFs in peanut and peanut products continued to be alarming, and high incidence and levels of FBs in corn and corn products also appeared as a serious problem. Contamination with other toxins, such as ZEA, OTA and trichothecenes, was low. Occurrence of AFM 1 in milk and dairy products and patulin in apple juice needs to be verified as the results are somewhat diverging. Work on analytical methods, mycological examination and toxic effects constituted 16, 13 and 13%, respectively, of the published papers in the decade assessed. Attempts to find means of preventing/controlling fungal growth and mycotoxin production notably increased, making up 27% of the papers, including investigations on influencing factors (e.g. genotype resistance, water content/a w , relative humidity, temperature, presence of metals, type of soil, mite infestation) and antagonistic potential of other microorganisms against mycotoxin-producing fungi. Effects of plant extract, flavonoids, fungicides and other chemicals, storage bag material, adsorbents, cooking and processing of food were also studied. Thus, notwithstanding constraints on resources, Brazilian research responds to the needs of the country, reflects international concerns and recent developments in the area.

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Section: Toxic Effects and Mode Of Actionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Mycotoxin research in Brazil: the last decade in review

Rodriguez–Amaya

Sabino

2002

Braz. J. Microbiol.

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“…63 In another 13 samples, fumonisin B1 concentrations ranged from 0.2 mg/g to 38.5 mg/g, and fumonisin B2 concentrations were between 0.1 and 12 µg/g. 79 In Argentina, fumonisin B1 and B2 concentrations were 12.5 and 5.2 µg/g, respectively, in a feed supplement that caused LEM. 27 Leukoencephalomalacia has been diagnosed in horses in all regions of Brazil, 2,12,29,53,63,64,67,79,83 in Argentina 27,42 and Uruguay, 68 and in mules in the Brazilian states of Pernambuco and Pará.…”

Section: Poisoning By Moldy Sweet Potatoes (Ipomoea Batatas)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Mycotoxicoses of ruminants and horses

et al. 2013

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Abstract. In the current study, mycotoxicoses of ruminants and horses are reviewed, with an emphasis on the occurrence of these diseases in South America. The main mycotoxicoses observed in grazing cattle include intoxications by indole-diterpenoid mycotoxins (Paspalum spp. contaminated by Claviceps paspali, Lolium perenne infected by Neotyphodium lolii, Cynodon dactylon infected by Claviceps cynodontis, and Poa huecu), gangrenous ergotism and dysthermic syndrome (hyperthermia) caused by Festuca arundinacea (syn. Festuca elatior) infected by Neotyphodium coenophialum (syn. Acremonium coenophialum), and photosensitization in pastures contaminated by toxigenic Pithomyces chartarum. Other mycotoxicoses in grazing cattle include slaframine toxicity in clover pastures infected by Rhizoctonia leguminicola and diplodiosis in cattle grazing in corn stubbles. The mycotoxicoses caused by contaminated concentrated food or byproducts in cattle include poisoning by toxins of Aspergillus clavatus, which contaminate barley or sugar beetroot by-products, gangrenous ergotism or dysthermic syndrome caused by wheat bran or wheat screenings contaminated with Claviceps purpurea, and acute respiratory distress caused by damaged sweet potatoes (Ipomoea batatas). The main mycotoxicosis of horses is leukoencephalomalacia caused by the fumonisins B1 and B2 produced by Fusarium spp. Poisoning by C. purpurea and F. elatior infected by N. coenophialum has also been reported as a cause of agalactia and neonatal mortality in mares. Slaframine toxicosis caused by the ingestion of alfalfa hay contaminated by R. leguminicola has also been reported in horses.

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“…moniliforme Sheldon) is the prevalent seed-borne fungus in corn (Zea mays L.) with wide geographic distribution, but predominance in humid tropical and subtropical regions (Marasas et al, 1984). Fumonisins, the main toxic metabolites produced by this fungus, have been involved in animal intoxications (Sydenham et al, 1992) and their possible role as a cancer promoting agent (Ueno, 2000) included them in the group of extensively investigated mycotoxins. The severe economic losses in corn and other cereal crops worldwide, in addition to the potential occurrence of fumonisins and other mycotoxins in consequence of F. verticillioides infection are a matter of concern in current mycotoxicology.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%